Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of diet on serum lipids and to assess the effectiveness of long-term dietary therapy for hypertriglyceridemia.

Methods: Seventy-nine patients (34 males and 45 females) with hypertriglyceridemia were enrolled and underwent dietary counseling for 12 months based on the following three recommendations: (1) reduce carbohydrate intake, (2) increase n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake, and (3) limit alcohol drinking. We examined the effect of dietary therapy for 6 months on serum triglyceride (TG) levels and also compared the effectiveness of dietary and combined drug therapies on preventing arteriosclerotic disease from 7 to 12 months.

Results: We observed that serum TG levels of the patients receiving dietary counseling were decreased compared with baseline at 6 months. Body weight and serum TG levels were decreased, and serum high-density lipoprotein levels were increased in the dietary therapy alone group, whereas BW, body mass index, and abdominal circumference were decreased in the combined drug treatment group compared with baselines at 6 and 12 months. Furthermore, the dietary therapy alone group demonstrated reductions in intake of total energy, carbohydrate, and saturated fatty acids, as well as n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio compared with baselines, but only n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was decreased in the combined drug treatment group.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a decrease in serum TG level after 12 months of dietary therapy similar to drug therapy, which suggests that it is an effective treatment for hypertriglyceridemia, and heightened awareness should be made to encourage its use.

The clinical trial registration number: UMIN000028860.

The Effects of Long-Term Dietary Therapy on Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia.

The study has shown that patients with metabolic syndrome and typical dyslipidemia treated on an outpatient basis by general practitioners or specialists are those whose anamneses include IHD or diabetes and who are very often indicated for combined statin-fibrate therapy. Fenofibrate therapy combined with a single lifestyle intervention in the form of individual interview resulted in the following improvement of the risk profile of the above patients: significant decrease in body weight and waist circumference, decrease in blood pressure and fasting glycemia; improvement of typical dyslipidemia in 90% of patients, however, only 30% of patients achieved the target TG levels below 1.7 mmol/l and the HDL-cholesterol levels above 1.3 mmol/l and 1 mmol/l in women and men, respectively. A total of 60% of patients no longer met the criteria for MS after 6 months of therapy. However, LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in patients with IHD or with diabetes were very unsatisfactory; only 6% of patients had achieved the recommended level of target LDL-cholesterol below 2.5 mmol/l before the intervention, i.e. 94% of the patient sample was indicated for statin therapy. 86% of patients with LDL-cholesterol above 2.5 mmol/l remained in our patient sample after non-pharmacological and pharmacological fibrate therapy. The results show that combined statin--fibrate therapy would be the best therapy for patients with IHD or diabetes who meet the MS criteria and whose typical dyslipidemia is expressed.

The effect of treatment with fenofibrate on the risk profile of patients with metabolic syndrome and mixed dyslipidemia treated on an outpatient basis

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The effect of treatment with fenofibrate on the risk profile of patients with metabolic syndrome and mixed dyslipidemia treated on an outpatient basis