Enhanced cutting performance of electrosurgical units by oil-infused laser-textured surfaces

Abstract Marine fouling has caused serious economic losses, and exploring multiple eco-friendly antifouling strategies has a positive significance. As a natural polyphenolic antioxidant, Tannic acid (TA) has a wide range of sources and biosafety, excellent antibacterial properties and its special chemical structure makes it easy to bind to the surface, which may provide inspiration for the development of antifouling materials. In this paper, a TA-based antifouling coating was designed and prepared. A stable intermediate transition layer was formed by co-deposited 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl-L-alanine (DOPA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) on the surface of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and then TA molecules were grafted on that surface to prepare a TA functionalized (PVC/(PDA/PEI)-TA) coating. The effect of the coating on the adhesion of marine bacteria and benthic diatoms was investigated. Then, the effect of TA on the adhesion behavior of mussels on the coating surface was studied. The results indicated that the coating had good antifouling performance. Marine bacteria and benthic diatoms had a low adhesion rate on the coating surface and were prone to the detachment under water flow erosion. The TA on the coating surface affected the adhesion behavior of mussels. Mussels did not like TA coating and only secreted a small amount of adhesive plaques on the surface. Moreover, the adhesion force between the plaques and the substrate was low. This study may provide new solutions to marine biofouling. 

An Eco-Friendly Antifouling Coating Based on Tannic Acid

Biofouling is a stepwise accumulation process involving participation of various molecules and marine organisms. To tackle this complex threat, development of efficient long-term antifouling coatings yet keeps elusive. Here we report a newly constructed coating with both antifouling activity and low surface energy. The special surface structure formed by silica spheres and fluorosilanes offers the coating superhydrophobicity. Capsaicin-mimicking N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl)-acrylamide (HMBA) powder is synthesized via the Friedel-Crafts reaction and is used as the antifoulant additives in the coating. By the synergistic effect of surface superhydrophobicity and the dispersed antifoulant, the multilayered HMBA-silica coating effectively inhibits the adhesion of alginate, bovine serum albumin and Chlorella, their adhesion rate on the HS-3 coating is 11.9 %, 8.7 % and 3.3 % respectively. The HS-3 coating kills 96.6 % gram-negative bacteria E. coli and 99.9 % gram-positive bacteria S. aureus. Furthermore, the HMBA-silica coating significantly mitigates by its superhydrophobicity the corrosion of artificial seawater, its corrosion current density has decreased by 4 orders of magnitude compared to bare 316 L plate. In a 90 days real seawater immersion experiment, the coating shows excellent anti-fouling and anti-corrosion properties. The fabrication route of the HMBA-silica coating using the synthesized broad-spectrum antifoulant HMBA and hydrophobic silica would give insight into developing new antifouling materials for marine applications. 

A multilayered antifouling coating constructed using the synthesized capsaicin-mimicking N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl) acrylamide

Marine biofouling is a thorny issue that causes serious economic losses and adverse ecological impacts on marine ecosystems. Effective and promising antifouling strategies such as surface hydration, flow shear force, and lubricant injection have been developed to address this challenge. However, for the complex marine environment, they still appear inadequate. Mussels are a common fouling organism with strong surface adhesion ability. However, when hypoxia and the oxidative cross-linking reaction of 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl-L-alanine (DOPA) in the structure of adhesion proteins are disrupted, their adhesion ability will be greatly reduced. Inspired by this, we developed an effective antifouling strategy based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging using N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and evaluated its performance. As a ROS scavenger interfered with the oxidative cross-linking reaction of DOPA in an aqueous solution, the adhesion of DOPA was also affected on the surface of NAC functionalized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (PVC-NAC). In addition, the colonization level of mussels and the adhesion rate of marine bacteria and benthic diatoms on PVC-NAC were low. The antifouling strategy proposed in this paper was eco-friendly and broad-spectrum, and may provide a new idea for solving marine biofouling and reducing the environmental and economic impacts of fouling organisms.

Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine removing ROS: an antifouling strategy inspired by mussels.

The biomimetic super‐slippery surface is a solid–liquid composite structure formed by infusing a low‐surface‐energy lubricant into micro‐ and nanostructured substrates. Owing to its outstanding liquid‐repellent and self‐healing capabilities, this surface holds substantial research significance and broad application potential. Femtosecond lasers, owing to their broad material compatibility, high processing precision, and excellent controllability, are considered an effective technique for the fabrication of super‐slippery surfaces. The article begins by summarizing the characteristics, fabrication principles, and current state of research on super‐slippery surfaces. It then emphasizes femtosecond laser‐based fabrication, discussing the corresponding mechanism and advantages, as well as recent advances in preparing super‐slippery surfaces on diverse substrates such as polymers, ceramics, metals, and alloys. The article also discusses the diverse applications of super‐slippery surfaces fabricated via femtosecond laser processing, including corrosion resistance, anti‐icing, antifouling, emerging fields such as biomedical engineering, blood compatibility, and controlled droplet transport. Finally, this work summarizes the key issues and challenges that remain in the femtosecond laser fabrication of super‐slippery surfaces. 

Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Biomimetic Super‐Slippery Surfaces: A Review

Di-particles-derived slippery lubricant-infused porous surface with broad anti-adhesion performance

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Di-particles-derived slippery lubricant-infused porous surface with broad anti-adhesion performance