Smart textiles are composed of multi-structured functional materials capable of producing sensory responses and energy in response to environmental, chemical and physical stimuli, making them well suited for the smart diagnosis of light, real-time and on the body point of care with proactive Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity. This comprehensive review emphasizes various critical aspects such as perovskite synthesis, fiber manufacturing, composite preparation, optimization, characterization techniques, scalable strategies and intelligent textile integration, which technically leads to smart textile progress. Specific developments in intelligent materials, in particular perovskite, and its functional composites and its crucial contribution to the manufacture of self-powered functional devices for humans with sustainably worn sensors, energy harvesters, energy storage, optoelectronics, diagnosis, self-care therapies, have been systematically reviewed. We provide a critical analysis of the latest advancements in the field of perovskite materials, intelligent textile manufacturing, stability, durability and comfort, as well as its scalability and real-time integration challenges. Finally, this review provides an important insight into the recent breakthroughs, current bottlenecks, opportunities, and future directions of smart textiles in the IoT, artificial intelligence, and smart technology-driven applications. 

A Comprehensive Review on Perovskite and its Functional Composites in Smart Textiles: Progress, Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions

Light-emitting diode (LED) lighting should be considered for lighting efficiency enhancement, however, waste heat from light-emitting diode (LED) lighting increases the internal cooling load during the summer season. In order to solve this problem we propose a thermal management system for light-emitting diode (LED) lighting with a heat exchanger module integrated with the building’s heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system to move the lighting’s waste heat outdoors. An experiment was carried out to investigate the thermal effects in a test chamber and the heat exchange rate between the heat sink and the duct air. The heat generated by the light-emitting diode (LED) lighting was calculated as 78.1% of light-emitting diode (LED) input power and the heat exchange rate of the lighting heat exchange module was estimated to be between 86.5% and 98.1% according to the light-emitting diode (LED) input power and the flow rate of air passing the heat sink. As a result, the average light-emitting diode (LED) lighting heat contribution rate for internal heat gain was determined as 0.05; this value was used to calculate the heating and cooling energy demand of the office building through an energy simulation program. In the simulation results, the cooling energy demand was reduced by 19.2% compared with the case of conventionally installed light-emitting diode (LED) lighting.

Savings in Cooling Energy with a Thermal Management System for LED Lighting in Office Buildings

Strongly luminescent and highly stable CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 core/shell nanocrystals and their ultrafast carrier dynamics

Inorganic lead halide perovskite is one of the most excellent fluorescent materials, and it plays an essential role in high-definition display and visible light communication (VLC). Its photochromic properties and stability determine the final performance of light-emitting devices. However, efficiently synthesizing perovskite with high quality and stability remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop a facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing high-stability and strong-emission CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites using ultrasonication and liquid paraffin. Tuning the contents of liquid paraffin, bright-emission CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composite powders with a maximum PLQY of 74% were achieved. Thanks to the protection of the Cs4PbBr6 matrix and liquid paraffin, the photostability, thermostability, and polar solvent stability of CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP are significantly improved compared to CsPbBr3 quantum dots and CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites that were prepared without liquid paraffin. Moreover, the fabricated CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP-based WLEDs show excellent luminescent performance with a power efficiency of 129.5 lm/W and a wide color gamut, with 121% of the NTSC and 94% of the Rec. 2020, demonstrating a promising candidate for displays. In addition, the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6-LP-based WLEDs were also demonstrated in a VLC system. The results suggested the great potential of these high-performance WLEDs as an excitation light source to achieve VLC.

/pdf/highly-stable-and-photoluminescent-cspbbr3-cs4pbbr6-2ym0fyz5.pdf

Highly Stable and Photoluminescent CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 Composites for White-Light-Emitting Diodes and Visible Light Communication

Organic polystyrene and inorganic silica double shell protected lead halide perovskite nanocrystals with high emission efficiency and superior stability

CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 heterostructure solids with high stability and photoluminescence for white light-emitting diodes

Carbon dots (CDs) are attracting much interest due to their excellent photoelectric properties and wide range of potential applications. However, it is still a challenge to regulate their bandgap emissions to achieve full-color CDs with high emissions. Herein, we propose an approach for producing full-color emissive CDs by employing a solvent engineering strategy. By only tuning the volume ratio of water and dimethylformamide (H2O/DMF), the photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelengths of the CDs can be changed from 451 to 654 nm. Different fluorescence features of multicolor CDs were systematically investigated. XRD, SEM, TEM, Abs/PL/PLE, XPS, and PL decay lifetime characterizations provided conclusive evidence supporting the extent to which the solvent controlled the dehydration and carbonization processes of the precursors, leading to a variation in their emission color from red to blue. The as-prepared CDs exhibited excellent and stable fluorescence performance even after being heated at 80 °C for 48 h and with UV light continuously irradiated for 15 h. Based on their excellent fluorescent properties and photothermal stability, bright multicolor light-emitting diodes with a high CRI of up to 91 were obtained. We anticipate that these full-color emissive CDs are beneficial for applications in lighting, display, and other fields.

/pdf/multicolor-luminescent-carbon-dots-tunable-photoluminescence-twjvrhfm.pdf

Multicolor Luminescent Carbon Dots: Tunable Photoluminescence, Excellent Stability, and Their Application in Light-Emitting Diodes

Benefit from their near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), narrow emission band, and widely tunable bandgap, metal halide perovskites have shown promising in light-emitting applications. Despite such promise, how to facile, environmentally-friendly, and large-scale prepare solid metal halide perovskite with high emission and stability remains a challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a convenient and environmentally-friendly method for the mass synthesis of solid CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites using high-power ultrasonication. Adjusting key experimental parameters, bright emitting CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 solids with a maximum PL QY of 71% were obtained within 30 min. XRD, SEM, TEM, Abs/PL, XPS, and lifetime characterizations provide solid evidence for forming CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites. Taking advantage of these composites, the photostability, thermostability, and polar solvent stability of CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 are much improved compared to CsPbBr3. We further demonstrated CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 use in flexible/stretchable film and high-power WLEDs. After being subjected to bending, folding, and twisting, the film retains its bright emission and exhibits good resistance to mechanical deformation. Additionally, our WLEDs display a superior, durable high-power-driving capability, operating currents up to 300 mA and maintaining high luminous intensity for 50 hours. Such highly emissive and stable metal halide perovskites make them promising for solid-state lighting, lasing, and flexible/stretchable display device applications.

Highly emissive green CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 composites: formation kinetics, excellent heat, light, and polar solvent resistance, and flexible light-emitting application.

Thermal management for high-power photonic crystal light emitting diodes

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