A survey is given of different aspects of fluid motion induced by the Coulomb force exerted by the electric field on an injected space charge. The instability problem in highly symmetrical electrode configurations is considered with positive coupling between velocity and charge perturbations, linear and nonlinear criteria and the phenomena during the transient regime of unipolar injection. Then the features of electroconvection are described for both strong and weak injection and also in the case of coaxial cylinders. The last part deals with the liquid motion induced by injection from very restricted areas, as occurs in configurations of low symmetry with particular attention devoted to charge plumes.

Electrohydrodynamic instability and motion induced by injected space charge in insulating liquids

The Coulomb-driven EHD instabilities, chaos, and turbulence generated by unipolar injection in insulating liquids are reviewed. Only systems of the greatest simplicity, well suited for a fundamental study, are considered. As the paper is intended to be introductory, the emphasis is on the physical mechanisms responsible for EHD phenomena. >

Coulomb-driven convection in electrohydrodynamics

Electroconvection in a layer of liquid subjected to unipolar injection is characterized by two stability criteria, a linear and a nonlinear one, with an associated hysteresis loop. Experimentally it is found that the velocity field fluctuates around its mean value. A temporal analysis of the measured current, which is directly related to the velocity, revealed the existence of a well-defined frequency correlated to the mean rotation time of a fluid particle in the convective cell, thus indicating that these fluctuations are not stochastic but related to the intrinsic dynamics of the system. Here a method of superparticles is used to solve the problem of the non-stationary electroconvection of the liquid. A good agreement between theoretical and experimental results is obtained.

Numerical modelling of Coulomb-driven convection in insulating liquids

Two-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out to examine the problem of transient electroconvection stability of dielectric liquids subjected to unipolar injection. The entire set of electrohydrodynamics equations associated with the electroconvective phenomena that occur in a layer of a dielectric liquid between two parallel electrodes subjected to a potential difference are solved numerically. We first validate the numerical simulation by comparing our linear stability electroconvection criteria with those obtained by other authors with a stability approach. In this paper, we restrict the study to the strong injection case, which corresponds to values of the non-dimensional injection parameter C greater than or equal to 10. The numerical solution of the electroconvective problem is then presented for rigid lateral boundary conditions. A detailed analysis of the scenario that occurs for different characteristic values of the stability parameter T is provided. The flow structure and its behaviour highlight the existence of different regimes, from laminar to chaotic. The development of charged plumes has been observed in particular. We compute the electrical Nusselt number for different values of the stability parameter and ion mobility. The electrical Nusselt number saturates with increasing T, a fact that it is in agreement with available experimental data. Finally, a spectral analysis is conducted for different aspect ratios of the computational domain. The spectral analysis gives an insight into the physical origin of the velocity and current oscillations.

/pdf/two-dimensional-numerical-analysis-of-electroconvection-in-a-22l4fpyz6h.pdf

Two-dimensional numerical analysis of electroconvection in a dielectric liquid subjected to strong unipolar injection

In this paper, we developed a unified lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) to simulate electroconvection in a dielectric liquid induced by unipolar charge injection. Instead of solving the complex set of coupled Navier-Stokes equations, the charge conservation equation, and the Poisson equation of electric potential, three consistent lattice Boltzmann equations are formulated. Numerical results are presented for both strong and weak injection regimes, and different scenarios for the onset and evolution of instability, bifurcation, and chaos are tracked. All LBM results are found to be highly consistent with the analytical solutions and other numerical work.

Lattice Boltzmann model for Coulomb-driven flows in dielectric liquids.

The chaotic regime encountered in electrohydrodynamic instability of an insulating liquid subjected to space-charge-limited unipolar injection has been investigated experimentally. Two types of behavior of the power spectra of the intensity fluctuations have been characterized: an exponential decay obtained when viscous terms are dominant and a power-law decay obtained when inertial terms are dominant. Emphasis is put on the quasiuniversality of these behaviors and this is discussed in relation to the phenomenon of smallscale intermittency.

Chaotic Behavior of Instability Due to Unipolar Ion Injection in a Dielectric Liquid

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Chaotic Behavior of Instability Due to Unipolar Ion Injection in a Dielectric Liquid