This paper is motivated by the large increase in the labour force participation of prime age women that, like in many other countries, took place in Spain during the last decade. We develop an empirical time series participation equation for women aged 25-44, in which education and fertility are treated as endogenous variables. We regard participation, education and fertility as variables that jointly respond to changes in the demand for skilled non-physical labour and the wage structure. Although we find a significant business cycle effect on participation, we conclude that the dominant forces determining the increase in participation during the sample period were structural factors that shifted female earnings potential.

/pdf/female-labour-force-participation-in-the-1980s-the-case-of-1d3ug0xiuj.pdf

Female labour force participation in the 1980s : the case of Spain

This paper estimates and tests household labor supply models for Spain within a structural approach. Following Fortin and Lacroix (1997), we postulate a general system of labor supplies and we obtain the set of parametric restrictions imposed by the unitary and collective models of household labor supply. The empirical results clearly reject the restrictions of the unitary model, while the restrictions of the collective model cannot be rejected. Futhermore, we verify that the estimated labor supply elasticities agree with the empirical regularities observed in other countries.

/pdf/household-labor-supply-evidence-for-spain-2bh2wha1nk.pdf

Household labor supply: evidence for spain

Female Labour Force Participation in the 1980's : The Case of Spain

En este articulo se estima un modelo de ciclo vital de oferta de trabajo para mujeres casadas en Espana El modelo se estima utilizando tres bases de datos complementarias de 1990 (Encuesta de Poblacion Activa, EPA, Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares, y Encuesta Anexa de Ganancias y Subempleo) y la estimacion se realiza en dos etapas En una primera etapa se estiman ecuaciones de forma reducida de las variables endogenas (horas, participacion, salarios y otras rentas familiares) y en una segunda etapa se utilizan las predicciones de la estimacion anterior como variables explicativas de una ecuacion de oferta de trabajo estructural Se obtienen dos resultados principales que resultan coherentes con la literatura existente Primero, la elasticidad de la oferta de trabajo con respecto a los salarios es positiva, significativa y varia con las caracteristicas personales de la mujer En particular aumenta con la edad y con la presencia de hijos en el hogar En segundo lugar, la elasticidad de la oferta de trabajo con respecto a las otras rentas del hogar tiende a ser negativa y a aumentar con la edad La presencia de hijos en el hogar hace desaparecer la sensibilidad de las horas de trabajo frente a las otras rentas familiares

Oferta de trabajo femenina en España: un modelo empírico aplicado a mujeres casadas

In this paper we establish a comparison by gender between the progress achieved in the different educational levels and the persistent gap in the degree of labour participation in Mexico, during 2000 and 2005. Likewise, we analyze the regional differences in the evolution of the following indicators: the average years of schooling, and the working population. By means of an econometric model of panel data for 32 Mexican regions, we are able to establish that education exert a positive impact on the working population.

/pdf/educacion-y-empleo-desigualdad-de-genero-en-las-regiones-43w3n34z01.pdf

Educación y empleo: desigualdad de género en las regiones mexicanas. 2000-2005

Empleo, capital humano y participación femenina en España

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Empleo, capital humano y participación femenina en España