There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive introduction to applied cryptography with an engineer or computer scientist in mind. The emphasis is on the knowledge needed to create practical systems which supports integrity, confidentiality, or authenticity. Topics covered includes an introduction to the concepts in cryptography, attacks against cryptographic systems, key use and handling, random bit generation, encryption modes, and message authentication codes. Recommendations on algorithms and further reading is given in the end of the paper. This paper should make the reader able to build, understand and evaluate system descriptions and designs based on the cryptographic components described in the paper.

[서평]「Applied Cryptography」

http://www.eis.mdx.ac.uk/staffpages/juanaugusto/CookAJ2009.pdf

Review: Ambient intelligence: Technologies, applications, and opportunities

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, also known as HIPAA, was first delivered to congress in 1996 and consisted of just two Titles. It was designed to protect health insurance coverage for workers and their families while between jobs. It establishes standards for electronic health care transactions and addresses the issues of privacy and security when dealing with Protected Health Information (PHI). HIPAA is applicable only in the United States of America.

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.

Ready or not, the digitalization of information has come, and privacy is standing out there, possibly at stake. Although digital privacy is an identified priority in our society, few systematic, effective methodologies exist that deal with privacy threats thoroughly. This paper presents a comprehensive framework to model privacy threats in software-based systems. First, this work provides a systematic methodology to model privacy-specific threats. Analogous to STRIDE, an information flow–oriented model of the system is leveraged to guide the analysis and to provide broad coverage. The methodology instructs the analyst on what issues should be investigated, and where in the model those issues could emerge. This is achieved by (i) defining a list of privacy threat types and (ii) providing the mappings between threat types and the elements in the system model. Second, this work provides an extensive catalog of privacy-specific threat tree patterns that can be used to detail the threat analysis outlined above. Finally, this work provides the means to map the existing privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) to the identified privacy threats. Therefore, the selection of sound privacy countermeasures is simplified.

/pdf/a-privacy-threat-analysis-framework-supporting-the-4fc3u4v21j.pdf

A privacy threat analysis framework: supporting the elicitation and fulfillment of privacy requirements

In an increasing information-driven society, preserving privacy is essential. Anonymous credentials promise a solution to protect the user’s privacy. However, to ensure accountability, efficient revocation mechanisms are essential. Having classified existing revocation strategies, we implemented one variant for each. In this paper we describe our classification and compare our implementations. Finally, we present a detailed analysis and pragmatic evaluation of the strategies.

Communications and Multimedia Security

We propose the first single sign-on system in which a user can access services using unlinkable digital pseudonyms that can all be revoked in case she abuses any one service. Our solution does not rely on key escrow: a user needs to trust only her own computing device with following our protocols in order to be assured of the unconditional untraceability and unlinkability of her pseudonyms. Our solution involves two novel ingredients: a technique for invisibly chaining the user's pseudonyms such that all of them can be revoked on the basis of any one of them (without knowing the user's identity with the issuer) and a sublinear-time proof that a committed value is not on a list without revealing additional information about the value. Our solution is highly practical.

/pdf/a-practical-system-for-globally-revoking-the-unlinkable-556x4h6709.pdf

A practical system for globally revoking the unlinkable pseudonyms of unknown users

The domain of digital rights management (DRM) is currently lacking a generic architecture that supports interoperability and reuse of specific DRM technologies. This lack of architectural support is a serious drawback in light of the rapid evolution of a complex domain like DRM. It is highly unlikely that a single DRM technology or standard will be able to support the diversity of devices, users, platforms, and media, or the wide variety of system requirements concerning security, flexibility, and efficiency. This paper analyses state-of-the-art DRM technologies and extracts from them high level usage scenarios according to content consumers, producers, and publishers. In addition, the key services are identified both from a functional and security perspective. Identifying key DRM services and locating them in an overall structure brings us one step closer to a software architecture for DRM. Having available a software architecture should help the DRM community in reasoning about DRM systems, and in achieving reuse and interoperability of multiple domain-specific DRM technologies and standards.

/pdf/towards-a-software-architecture-for-drm-s4pg6d5pzv.pdf

Towards a software architecture for DRM

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F0-306-46958-8_9.pdf

Security Through Aspect-Oriented Programming

How aspect-oriented programming can help to build secure software

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