Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of human development is used as a framework for examining the research on the career development of adolescents The examination of the four contexts — the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, and the macrosystem — provides an additionalperspective to the ontogenic (individual) approach that has predominated the research literature in this field Among the four contexts examined, some research on the influence of microsystem, including family, school,peer group, and workplace is identified The amount of developmentally based research drops off quickly for the other systems, although there are other pertinent research and social issues for each system Research and intervention implications of this perspective are indicated

Career development of adolescents: An ecological perspective

Alienation and apostasy

This paper views ‘conscience’ in the context of society and education. Modern states, in particular democratic ones which rely on the rule of law and popular voting, require an adequate stage of moral-cognitive development in their citizens. Schooling is widely thought to be a necessary and indispensable means for achieving this, although it may not be a sufficient one and other social institutions may be equally necessary. Our main question is: Do institutions of education in our societies foster moral judgment competence? After reviewing a large body of research findings related to this questions, the answer is that yes, by and large education does facilitate cognitive-moral development. This seems to hold true at least for secondary and university education. Before beginning this review, I would like to comment briefly on the salience of moral-cognitive development and education for the survival and development of a democratic society, and on problems of definition and measurement.

Moral Competence and Education in Democratic Society

Work values antecedents and consequences

Images of the future and orientations to work of university graduates were investigated in a sample of university graduates before and after finishing their studies. The results indicate that university students of the eigthties generally tend to attitudes of individualistic and conventional careerism in contrast to the New Work Ethic of the seventies. Differences between people-oriented and technology-oriented students tend to vanish. Positive images of the future are linked to careerism, while negative images are linked to New Work Ethic attitudes. Differences between employed and non-employed graduates were already present before the end of studies: the students most adhering to carreeristic attitudes have the least difficulties in finding work.

Relations between images of the future and work orientations of university graduates

Plumbing the Shallows: The Changing Profile of College Students by Robert H. Fenske and Craig S. Scott and The New Morality: A Profile of American Youth in the Seventies by Daniel Yankelovich

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Plumbing the Shallows: The Changing Profile of College Students by Robert H. Fenske and Craig S. Scott and The New Morality: A Profile of American Youth in the Seventies by Daniel Yankelovich