Despite strong indications of elevated risk of suicidal behavior in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people, limited attention has been given to research, interventions or suicide prevention programs targeting these populations. This article is a culmination of a three-year effort by an expert panel to address the need for better understanding of suicidal behavior and suicide risk in sexual minority populations, and stimulate the development of needed prevention strategies, interventions and policy changes. This article summarizes existing research findings, and makes recommendations for addressing knowledge gaps and applying current knowledge to relevant areas of suicide prevention practice.

/pdf/suicide-and-suicide-risk-in-lesbian-gay-bisexual-and-271n34o75q.pdf

Suicide and suicide risk in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations: review and recommendations.

Background
This study aims to review the literature regarding the barriers to sampling, recruitment, participation, and retention of members of socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in health research and strategies for increasing the amount of health research conducted with socially disadvantaged groups.

/pdf/reaching-the-hard-to-reach-a-systematic-review-of-strategies-3ure630gx0.pdf

Reaching the hard-to-reach: a systematic review of strategies for improving health and medical research with socially disadvantaged groups

▪ Abstract This chapter reviews studies published in American Psychological Association (APA) journals from 2003–2004 and additional studies (received in response to listserv requests) that used the Internet to collect data (N=121 total studies). Specific examples of three kinds of Web-based research are reviewed: (a) translational (established methods and research questions are adapted to the Web), (b) phenomenological (behavior on the Web is the focus of study), and (c) novel (methodologically innovations unique to Web-based research). Among other findings, our review indicated that 21% of APA journals published at least one article that reported on Web-based research, most Web-based psychological research uses experimental methods, a surprising number use college student samples, and deception in Web-based research is not uncommon. Strengths and weaknesses of Web-based psychological research in general, and our sample of studies in particular, are reviewed with special attention to possible concerns ab...

The Internet as Psychological Laboratory

Traditional organization and information systems (IS) researchers have stridently resisted data collections using online data panels, such as Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Although many of their concerns are legitimate, we strongly disagree with the grounds and substance of their reasons for avoiding such data collections-especially their flawed assumption that paper-based survey methods are inherently superior simply based on "tradition", which is a highly unscientific practice we label as "cargo cult science". To address this issue, we summarize several of the major criticisms traditionalists use against MTurk data, and we explain (1) how many of these criticisms apply more strongly to traditional survey methods, and (2) how by using advanced features of MTurk in conjunction with survey software such as Qualtrics or SurveyMonkey, researchers can navigate around many of these limitations. We conclude by demonstrating several leading practices that can be used to achieve high quality data collections with MTurk and the several advantages of doing so. Nonetheless, even when conducting traditional paper-based surveys, researchers can benefit from several (not all) of the leading methodological practices that have been developed by those who have pushed the boundaries of data collection using online panels-including for organization-level data collections. We conclude by cautioning that no "proven" method without inherent flaws exists, and organization and IS research would benefit from a clearer articulation and understanding of the range of methods and data sources available, along with their limitations and advantages.

/pdf/cargo-cult-science-in-traditional-organization-and-2vql92fdc8.pdf

Cargo Cult science in traditional organization and information systems survey research

Traditional organizational and information systems (IS) researchers have stridently resisted data collections using online data panels, such as Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Although many of their concerns are legitimate, we strongly disagree with the grounds and substance of their reasons for avoiding such data collections — especially their flawed assumption that paper-based survey methods are inherently superior simply based on “tradition,” which is a highly unscientific practice we label as “cargo cult science.” To address this issue, we summarize several of the major criticisms traditionalists use against MTurk data, and we explain (1) how many of these criticisms apply more strongly to traditional survey methods, and (2) how by using advanced features of MTurk in conjunction with survey software such as Qualtrics or Survey Monkey, researchers can navigate around many of these limitations. We conclude by demonstrating several leading practices that can be used to achieve high quality data collections with MTurk and the several advantages of doing so. Nonetheless, even when conducting traditional paper-based surveys, researchers can benefit from several (not all) of the leading methodological practices that have been developed by those who have pushed the boundaries of data collection using online panels — including for organization-level data collections. We conclude by cautioning that no “proven” method without inherent flaws exists, and organizational and IS research would benefit from a clearer articulation and understanding of the range of methods and data sources available, along with their limitations and advantages.

‘Cargo Cult’ Science in Traditional Organization and Information Systems Survey Research: A Case for Using Nontraditional Methods of Data Collection, Including Mechanical Turk and Online Panels

The onset of aggression and conduct problems during the early childhood years paves the way for the development of a pattern of serious antisocial behavior, including violence, substance abuse, and criminal offending during adolescence and young adulthood (Hinshaw & Lee, 2003). This developmental progression, however, is not inevitable. Indeed, the relative balance between risk and protective factors experienced along this pathway appears to determine whether these aggressive children ultimately experience deviant or healthy outcomes (Tolan, Guerra, & Kendall, 1995). Risk factors for antisocial behavior emerge across multiple levels. Child risk factors typically pertain to individual characteristics such as difficult temperament, deficient emotional regulation, learning delays, and deficiencies or distortions in social information processing. Parental risk factors include depression, substance abuse, negative attributions, and unrealistic expectations. Familial risk factors center on economic hardship, social isolation, and marital discord. These factors become manifest in coercive

Targeted Prevention of Antisocial Behavior in Children

We present several rigorous methods for sampling difficult-to-reach and empirically underrepresented populations via the Internet. The methodology's representativeness was tested by comparing the demographics of a small sample of 82 lesbian and bisexual females with a much larger Gallup Organization sample of the general population (n > 1,000) obtained via random digit dialing. Compared to the latter poll, the rigorous sampling designs developed for the Internet were found to be significantly more robust and equally representative of the U.S. general population. The Gallup Organization reached a sample more representative of the age distribution of the United States. The Internet sample reached a sample more representative of the population, with less education, lower incomes, and a broad spectrum of ethnic diversity. The samples were equally effective in representing the distribution of the population with rural and urban residence.

Methodological rigor with internet samples: new ways to reach underrepresented populations.

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Targeted Prevention of Antisocial Behavior in Children

Methodological rigor with internet samples: new ways to reach underrepresented populations.