Micro-arc oxidation of magnesium alloys: a review

Magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloys have become promising metal engineering materials due to the outstanding weight reduction performance. However, the vulnerability to corrosion is a major obstacle for development. A variety of surface treatment methods have been applied to protect Mg-Li alloys against corrosion deterioration, among which micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is an effective and economic method. Additionally, MAO coatings also present high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and strong bonding to the substrate. This article reviews advances in MAO coatings on Mg-Li alloys, which includes summarizations for the MAO parameters and factors affecting the properties of the coatings. The main focus is given to characteristics of the MAO coatings on Mg-Li alloys, as well as the functionalization performance in a wide application. 

Advances in micro-arc oxidation coatings on Mg-Li alloys

Bipolar plates are recognized as an important component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) because of their critical duties of separating reactant gas, cooling medium, conducting electricity, as well as discharging heat and product water. Recognizing the importance of bipolar plates to the functioning of PEMFCs, researchers have been committed to create bipolar plates with high conductivity, good air tightness, appropriate mechanical qualities, corrosion resistance, and cheap cost. In this review, we provide an overview of the functional requirements and parameter specifications for bipolar plates, followed by a detailed analysis of research developments in recent years for three categories of bipolar plates: graphite, metallic, and composite. Meanwhile, the influence of physicochemical parameters, such as the morphologies, internal structure and composition, on the corrosion-resistance ability, mechanical strength, electrical and thermal conductivities of bipolar plates are examined and reported. This review covers various research directions and highlights the most promising avenues for future research. The objective of this review is to give guidelines for researchers who intend to create high-performance bipolar plates for use in PEMFCs. 

Research progress and prospect of the materials of bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)

Chemical reflux was used to synthesize a nanocomposite of nitrogen doped rGO and ZnCo2O4. Electrochemical reactions are significantly altered by nitrogen doping. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the crystal structure and phase purity of the produced. N-rGO/ZnCo2O4 nanocomposite. Raman spectra's D and G bands clearly demonstrate a rise in D and a reduction in G band. ZnCo2O4 occupancy on the 2D N-rGO was investigated via SEM analysis. EDAX spectrum was used to investigate elemental compositions. Electrochemical performances of a working electrode made of GO/ZnCo2O4 and N-rGO/ZnCo2O4 were investigated. The cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge specific capacitances of the N-rGO/ZnCo2O4 nanocomposite are respectively 1086.1 and 950 Fg−1. After 5000 cycles, retention stability of about 89.6 % was attained. The estimated energy and power densities for N-rGO/ZnCo2O4 are 21 Whkg−1 and 1500 Wkg−1. An asymmetric supercapacitor made of N-rGO, ZnCo2O4, and N-rGO was developed, and its electrochemical characteristics were studied. 

Nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide/ZnCo2O4 nanocomposite electrode for hybrid supercapacitor application

Hollow cobalt selenide nanospheres wrapped with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets as electrodes for hybrid supercapacitor

In the present study, corrosion‐protective microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on AZ31B, AZ80, and ZK60 cast magnesium alloy substrates in an alkaline silicate electrolyte. The corrosion performances of the uncoated and MAO‐coated alloys were investigated using electrochemical and salt spray chamber corrosion tests. The microstructure characterization and experimental results show that among the three alloys studied, the ZK60 Mg alloy exhibited the best and AZ31B the least corrosion resistance under the salt spray conditions. The MAO coating provided robust corrosion protection of the Mg substrates and resulted in a significant decrease in the corrosion rate of the alloys by 3–4 orders of magnitude. The MAO coating on ZK60 alloy showed better corrosion protectiveness than that on the AZ series alloys due to the incorporation of different alloying elements in the coating, especially the Zn and Al elements, which are from the Mg substrate. The corrosion performances and mechanisms of the uncoated and MAO‐coated Mg alloys are interpreted in terms of the microstructure and phase/chemical compositions of both the substrates and coatings.

Characterization of the corrosion performances of as‐cast Mg–Al and Mg–Zn magnesium alloys with microarc oxidation coatings

Comparison of the tribological behavior of quench-tempered ductile iron and austempered ductile iron with similar hardness

Sand erosion and crack propagation mechanism of Cr/CrN/Cr/CrAlN multilayer coating

Mechanical and tribological behavior of dual-phase ductile iron with different martensite amounts

Effect of thermal activation energy on the structure and conductivity corrosion resistance of Cr doped TiN films on metal bipolar plate

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