Publisher Summary The intensities of intraconfigurational f–f transitions are reviewed in the chapter The chapter presents the transition mechanisms for lanthanide ions—namely, the magnetic dipole transition, the induced electric dipole transition, and the electric quadrupole transition It discusses the way experimental intensities can be determined from the spectra The chapter also focuses on the expression of the dipole strength and the oscillator strength in oriented and in randomly-oriented systems Correction factors for lanthanide ions in a dielectric medium are described in the chapter Although only a few magnetic dipole transitions exist for the trivalent lanthanide ions, magnetic dipole transitions are of interest, because their intensities are in a first approximation independent of the ligand environment and can, thus, be used as intensity standards The intensity of a magnetic dipole transition can be calculated exactly, provided that suitable wavefunctions are available These wavefunctions can be obtained from diagonalization of the energy matrix

Chapter 167 Spectral intensities of f-f transitions

After a brief examination of known insulating laser crystals and the stimulated emission channels of their generating activator ions, this article reviews recent advances in the development of novel lasing crystals and ceramics, as well as inorganic and organic nonlinear-laser crystals for χ(3) and cascaded χ(3) ↔ χ(2) frequency converters Several new modern attractive technologies in the physics and techniques of crystalline lasers are also discussed

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lpor.200710008

Laser crystals and ceramics: recent advances

The rise of semiconductor‐based pump sources such as InxGa1‐xN‐laser diodes or frequency‐doubled optically pumped semiconductor lasers with emission wavelengths in the blue encourages a revisitation of the rare‐earth ions Pr3+, Sm3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+ and Er3+ with respect to their properties as active ions in crystalline solid‐state laser materials with direct emission in the visible spectral range. Nowadays, some of these blue‐pumped visible lasers compete with Nd3+‐lasers in terms of efficiency and direct lasing at various colors from the cyan‐blue to the deep red can be addressed in very simple and compact laser setups. This paper highlights the spectroscopic properties of suitable rare‐earth ions for visible lasing and reviews the latest progress in the field of blue‐pumped visible rare‐earth doped solid‐state lasers.

Out of the blue: semiconductor laser pumped visible rare-earth doped lasers

Free electron laser in Poland ? POLFEL is a coherent light source of the IV th generation, characterized by very short pulses in the range of 10-100fs, of big power 0,2GW and UV wavelength of 27nm of average power 1W, with effective high power third harmonic of 9nm. The laser consists of a linear superconducting accelerator 100m in length, undulator and experimental lines. It generates a monochromatic and coherent radiation and can be tuned from THz range to UV. The linac works in quasi-CW or real-CW mode. It is planned by XFEL-Poland consortium as a part of the ESFRI priority EuroFEL infrastructure collaboration network, part of the ERA

/pdf/polfel-free-electron-laser-in-poland-13km0no156.pdf

POLFEL - Free Electron Laser in Poland

Photoluminescence and energy transfer studies of Dy3+-doped fluorophosphate glasses

http://przyrbwn.icm.edu.pl/APP/PDF/90/a090z1p18.pdf

Spectroscopic and Laser Properties of LiNbO_{3}:Dy^{3+} Crystals

Spectroscopic and laser properties of SrLaGa3O7:Pr3+ crystals

Lithium niobate crystals doped with Pr3+ or Yb3+, as well as double doped with Yb3+ and Pr3+ ions were pulled by the Czochralski method. The doping concentration spread distributions were measured for each ion by the electron microprobe. The optical homogeneity of crystals was investigated using the conoscopic and polarimetric techniques. The absorption characteristics were also investigated. In the absorption spectra a careful attention has been paid to the peak associated with OH group, since from this one can conclude on the location of the doping ions in the crystal lattice.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Comparison of structural and optical properties of LiNbO3 single crystals doped with Pr3+, Yb3+, and Pr3+ + Yb3+ ions

Single crystals of LiNbO3:Er3+, LiNbO3:Tm3+, LiNbO3:Er3+ + Tm3+ and LiNbO3:Er3+ + Tm3+ + Mg2+ were grown by the Czochralski method starting from the congruently melting composition. Uniformly doped crystals were obtained at pulling rates 1 - 2 mm/h and rotation rates 5 - 20 rpm. The crystals were grown either in Y or in Z direction. The as-grown crystals were regular and free of macroscopic defects. The poling of crystals was carried out as a separate operation. Electrodiffusion was not observed during poling which was confirmed by x-ray microprobe analysis. The absorption spectra of Tm3+, Er3+ and Mg2+ doped LiNbO3 single crystals were studied in spectral range 2000 - 28,000 cm-1 at temperatures from 15 to 300 K. The interaction between Tm3+ and Er3+ ions resulting in changing of absorption spectra structure for particular terms related to Tm3+ and Er3+ ions has been observed.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Single crystal growth and optical properties of LiNbO3 doped with Er3+, Tm3+ and Mg2+

Lithium niobate crystals doped with Dy3+ ions were grown by the Czochralski method. The doping concentrations were 0.3, 1, and 1.7 at.%, respectively. The dopant distribution was measured by the electron microprobe 'JOEL-JXA 50 A'-type device, and from these measurements the segregation coefficient has been found to be close to unity (k approximately equals 0.8). Optical homogeneity of crystals was investigated by the conoscopic and polarimetric methods. For the Z-optical axis direction it was found that the maximum residual birefringence (not exceeding 1.5 multiplied by 10-4), involved by residual stresses, occurred at the perimeters of the crystals, and the remaining crystalline areas were almost entirely free from excessive stresses. The absorption characteristics in the wavelength range of 200 - 6000 nm were measured. The photoluminescence characteristics were also measured in the visible part of the spectrum. It has been found that an important feature associated with luminescence of the Dy3+ in LiNbO3 is its high intensity and long decay time. From this it can be concluded that LiNbO3:Dy3+ is particularly well suited for visible lasers.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Growth and basic investigations of LiNbO3 single crystals doped with Dy3+ ions

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

B. Surma

Author Tools

Chat about Author