Solid freeform fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds for engineering replacement tissues and organs.

Polymeric Materials for Bone and Cartilage Repair

▪ Abstract Because of an aging population and increased occurrence of sports-related injuries, musculoskeletal disorders have become one of the major health concerns in the United States. Current treatments, although fairly successful, do not provide the optimum therapy. These treatments typically rely on donor tissues obtained either from the patient or from another source. The former raises the issue of supply, whereas the latter poses the risk of rejection and disease transfer. This has prompted orthopedic surgeons and scientists to look for viable alternatives. In recent years, tissue engineering has gained increasing support as a method to treat orthopedic disorders. Because it uses principles of engineering, biology, and chemistry, tissue engineering may provide a more effective approach to the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders than traditional methods. This chapter presents a review of current methods and new tissue-engineering techniques for the treatment of disorders affecting bone, ligament...

Tissue Engineering: Orthopedic Applications

In vitro and in vivo characteristics of PCL scaffolds with pore size gradient fabricated by a centrifugation method.

This review discusses and summarizes the recent developments and advances in the use of biodegradable materials for bone repair purposes. The choice between using degradable and non-degradable devices for orthopedic and maxillofacial applications must be carefully weighed. Traditional biodegradable devices for osteosynthesis have been successful in low or mild load bearing applications. However, continuing research and recent developments in the field of material science has resulted in development of biomaterials with improved strength and mechanical properties. For this purpose, biodegradable materials, including polymers, ceramics and magnesium alloys have attracted much attention for osteologic repair and applications. The next generation of biodegradable materials would benefit from recent knowledge gained regarding cell material interactions, with better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. The next generations of biodegradable materials for bone repair and regeneration applications require better control of interfacing between the material and the surrounding bone tissue. Also, the mechanical properties and degradation/resorption profiles of these materials require further improvement to broaden their use and achieve better clinical results.

/pdf/biodegradable-materials-for-bone-repair-and-tissue-4qwxkc6tvq.pdf

Biodegradable Materials for Bone Repair and Tissue Engineering Applications

Bone is a storehouse of biologic factors enabling it to regenerate without scar formation. Recombinant technology has made many of these factors available in significant quantity for therapeutic applications. However, a system to deliver recombinant bone-regenerating factors is needed. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers have shown promise for delivering bone regenerative factors, such as bone morphogenetic protein. The polymer we selected to investigate was racemic D,L-polylactide. Our immediate objective was to engineer porous D,L-polylactide to promote bone ingrowth (osteoconduction). We tested the hypothesis that porous D,L-polylactide implanted in a standard intraosseous calvarial wound would not hinder but would support bone regeneration. Therefore porous polylactide disks (65% void volume) were manufactured with pores < or = 100 microns, < or = 200 microns, and < or = 350 microns; implanted in rabbits' calvariae, and retrieved 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after insertion. Quantitative histomorphometry revealed a possible relationship in the amount of bone ingrowth with increasing pore size over time. The D,L-polylactide disks < or = 350 microns had the greatest quantity of bone ingrowth (< or = 0.05). However, a disturbing finding was the multinucleated giant cell response associated with all implanted disks. We speculate these cells may have produced an inhospitable environment stifling osteoconduction. Consequently, postsynthesis engineering refinements of D,L-polylactide to eliminate the giant cell response are crucial before loading with bone morphogenetic protein.

Calvarial Bone Repair with Porous D,L-Polylactide

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

B P Robinson

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Calvarial Bone Repair with Porous D,L-Polylactide