Cosmic ray detection in space

A drift chamber tracking system was developed and flown as part of the IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer. The drift chamber uses a hexagonal drift-cell structure and is filled with pure CO2 gas. It operated with high efficiency in the strong and inhomogenous field of a superconducting magnet, demonstrating a spatial resolution of better than 100 μm over most of the drift path for singly charged particles, as well as for helium and lithium nuclei. The drift chamber portion of the spectrometer achieved a maximum detectable rigidity of 175 and 250 GV/c for protons and helium respectively.

Performance of drift chambers in a magnetic rigidity spectrometer for measuring the cosmic radiation

The silicon sampling calorimeter presented is conceived as a fine grained imaging device to carry out studies of the anti-matter component in the primary cosmic radiation; it will be used in balloon payload program starting in 1993. The first sampling layer (48×48 cm2) of this silicon calorimeter has been completed and successfully tested. We report the first results form studies performed at the CERN PS t7 beam. The complete calorimeter contains 20 xy sampling layers (strip pitch 3.6 mm) interleaved with 19 showering material planes (tungsten 0.5 X0). This allows to picture the transverse distributions of the shower in both coordinates at each sampling. The outstanding imaging capabilities reflects in high particle identification power. Preliminary results from beam tests performed with antiprotons at 3.5 GeV on a tower prototype of the calorimeter are reported.

http://people.roma2.infn.it/~morselli/A15Sil_Cal_NuclPhys.pdf

Silicon calorimeter for cosmic antimatter search

The advantages of using cold silicon detectors and cold electronic readout for time-of-flight measurements are presented. We show how the operation of silicon strip detectors and associated electronic readout at low temperature (−55°C) allows the reduction of several noise components with respect to the operation at room temperature. Measurements are reported for single silicon strip detectors displaying the compression of the rise time of charge pulse at low temperature. A noise reduction with temperature of a cold silicon detector was also measured in a testing device operated at −20°C. The measured width of the energy loss distribution of90Sr electrons traversing 300 μm silicon detector thickness improves by 10% for temperature variations from +20°C to −20°C.

Cold silicon detectors for time-of-flight measurements

We present the design of a readout system for a silicon calorimeter with 12800 readout channels, to be operated on satellite or balloon-borne experiments for cosmic antiproton and antihelium search. A prototype of the calorimeter digital readout system has been designed and constructed. It may be subdivided into two main parts: the storage modules and the controller. Performance tests of the prototype at the acquisition rate of 8 MHz result in a very limited power consumption, amounting to 0.1 mW per channel for the Storage Modules and 0.5 W for the controller. The acquisition rate can be further enhanced by simple modifications of the transmission protocol between the storage modules and the controller. This readout system can be easily adapted to other detectors to be operated on space vehicles. An enhanced version of this prototype is presently used in a /spl gamma/ spectroscopy balloon-borne experiment. >

Readout architecture of a highly segmented silicon calorimeter operating in space

In this paper the WiZard experiment to be performed at the U.S. Space Station Freedom is presented. The apparatus will operate at the Astromag facility as a magnetic spectrometer dedicated to the search of primordial antimatter in the cosmic radiation. Several additional questions in the field of astrophysics and cosmology like solar flares, the galactic anisotropy, spectra of heavier nuclei (from carbon to iron), gamma-ray astronomy and others will also be investigated with such an apparatus and are discussed as well. The configuration of the apparatus, its integration and the description of each detector is covered in detail. Ground and flight operations are described together with discussion on data reduction and analysis. Finally, the mission planning and the onboard crew operations are also outlined.

/pdf/wizard-a-program-to-measure-cosmic-ray-antiprotons-and-2xtf6g8hd2.pdf

WiZard: a program to measure cosmic-ray antiprotons and positrons, and search for primordial antimatter

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WiZard: a program to measure cosmic-ray antiprotons and positrons, and search for primordial antimatter