This review discusses instabilities of the Fermi-liquid state of conduction electrons in metals with particular emphasis on magnetic quantum critical points. Both the existing theoretical concepts and experimental data on selected materials are presented; with the aim of assessing the validity of presently available theory. After briefly recalling the fundamentals of Fermi-liquid theory, the local Fermi-liquid state in quantum impurity models and their lattice versions is described. Next, the scaling concepts applicable to quantum phase transitions are presented. The Hertz-Millis-Moriya theory of quantum phase transitions is described in detail. The breakdown of the latter is analyzed in several examples. In the final part experimental data on heavy-fermion materials and transition-metal alloys are reviewed and confronted with existing theory.

http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0606317

Fermi-liquid instabilities at magnetic quantum phase transitions

URh{sub 2}Ge{sub 2} occupies an extraordinary position among the heavy-electron 122 compounds, by exhibiting a previously unidentified form of magnetic correlations at low temperatures instead of the usual antiferromagnetism. Here we present new results of ac and dc susceptibilities, specific heat, and neutron diffraction on single-crystalline as-grown URh{sub 2}Ge{sub 2}. These data clearly indicate that crystallographic disorder on a local scale produces spin glass behavior in the sample. We therefore conclude that URh{sub 2}Ge{sub 2} is a 3D Ising-like, random-bond, heavy-fermion spin glass. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

/pdf/spin-glass-behavior-in-urh2ge2-52kfpkrk39.pdf

Spin glass behavior in URh2Ge2

Transition from valence-fluctuating state with a gap to magnetic Kondo state in CeNi1−xCuxSn

Investigations of magnetic and related electronic properties of UTX compounds have revealed a variety of magnetic phenomena ranging from weak paramagnetism to various types of magnetic ordering. The observed systematics of ground-state properties is discussed with respect to the development of the electronic structure related to the expected variations of the 5f-ligand hybridization. The huge magnetic anisotropy observed in all studied materials is tentatively attributed mainly to the hybridization-mediated anisotropic two-ion interaction.

/pdf/5f-ligand-hybridization-and-magnetism-in-utx-compounds-58hgliygxs.pdf

5f-ligand hybridization and magnetism in UTX compounds

The ternary silicide U2RuSi3 was prepared from the elemental components in an induction levitation furnace. It was investigated by electron diffraction as well as by X-ray diffractometry on both a single crystal and a powder. The crystal structure was determined from four-circle diffractometer data and refined to a residual of R= 0.026 for 145 reflections and 11 variable parameters. It is of a new type with hexagonal symmetry deriving from the AIB2 type: P6/mmm, a= 814.8(2) pm, c= 385.5(2) pm, V= 0.2216(2) nm3, Z=2. The silicon and ruthenium atoms are all surrounded by trigonal prisms of uranium atoms and are ordered in a two-dimensional network. The ternary silicide U2OsSi3 was found to be isotypic with U2RuSi3. At low temperatures, the magnetic susceptibility of U2RuSi3 tends towards saturation and characterizes a spin fluctuation behaviour.

Crystal structure of the ternary silicide U2RuSi3: a new ordered version of the hexagonal AlB2-type structure

Magnetic properties of Ce(Rh1−xRux)2Si2 solid solutions

Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of some uranium ternary germanides: UM2Ge2 (M = Rh, Ir) and U4M7Ge6 (M = Ru, Os)

Kondo fluctuations and magnetism in the new equiatomic ternary compounds UIrSi and UIrGe

U3M4Ge13 and U3Os4Ge13 germanides crystallize in a superstructure of the cubic Yb3Rh4Sn13-type structure and exhibit no magnetic order above 4.2 K. On the contrary, U3Ir4Ge13 orders ferromagnetically near Tc ≈ 15-17 K whereas U3Rh4Ge13 orders antiferromagnetically at 22 K.

/pdf/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-the-u3m4ge13-m-ru-os-20iuntwkeq.pdf

STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THE U3M4Ge13 (M = Ru, Os, Rh, Ir)TERNARY GERMANIDES

The solid solutions Eu(Ir1−xPdx)2Si2, which exist for 0≤x≤0.125 and 0.75≤x≤1. cristallize with the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure. The variation of the europium valence with composition has been thoroughly studied at temperatures 4.2≤T≤293 K by151Eu Mossbauer resonance. For 0≤x≤0.125 the europium valence at room temperature decreases asx increases. For 0.75≤x≤1 the valence transition temperature Eu3+→Eu2+ increases asx increases.

Mössbauer study of mixed valent silicides Eu(Ir 1− x Pd x ) 2 Si 2

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