Multifragment disintegrations following $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$${+}^{197}$Au collisions at E/A=50 MeV have been studied with a multidetector system covering 88% of 4\ensuremath{\pi} in solid angle. The average number of intermediate-mass fragments (Z=3--20) increases strongly as a function of charged-particle multiplicity and reaches values larger than six for the most violent collisions. The results are compared to calculations with both dynamical and statistical models.

Multifragment disintegration of the 129Xe+197Au system at E/A=50 MeV.

Velocity distributions and fragment-fragment correlation functions have been measured as a function of charged particle multiplicity for $^{129}\mathrm{Xe}$${+}^{\mathrm{nat}}$Cu collisions at E/A=50 MeV. With increasing multiplicity, the velocity distributions evolve from a pattern exhibiting targetlike and projectilelike sources to an anisotropic distribution centered near the projectile-target center-of-mass velocity. Emission times extracted from the correlation functions are consistent with the decay of a projectilelike source in low multiplicity collisions, but the time scale for fragment emission in the high multiplicity collisions is too short for a separation of sources to occur.

Sources and emission time scales in E/A=50 MeV 129Xe+natCu reactions.

https://escholarship.org/content/qt9c2714mw/qt9c2714mw.pdf?t=p2atf4

Reducibility and thermal scaling in nuclear multifragmentation

Charge correlations as a probe of nuclear disassembly

Multifragment production was measured for the 60 MeV/nucleon [sup 197]Au+[sup 27]Al, [sup 51]V, and [sup nat]Cu reactions. The branching ratios for binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary decays were determined as a function of the excitation energy [ital E] and are independent of the target. The logarithms of these branching ratios when plotted vs [ital E][sup [minus]1/2] show a linear dependence that strongly suggests a statistical competition between the various multifragmentation channels. This behavior seems to relegate the role of dynamics to the formation of the sources, which then proceed to decay in an apparently statistical manner.

/pdf/experimental-signature-for-statistical-multifragmentation-4zizmsq4dq.pdf

Experimental signature for statistical multifragmentation.

Multifragment events from 35, 40, 45, and 55 MeV/nucleon $^{139}\mathrm{La}$${+}^{12}$C, $^{27}\mathrm{Al}$, $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$, $^{51}\mathrm{V}$, $^{\mathrm{nat}}\mathrm{Cu}$, and $^{139}\mathrm{La}$ reactions can be assigned to sources characterized by their velocity. At each bombarding energy, the probabilities of threefold, fourfold and fivefold events increase substantially with decreasing source velocity, but are independent of the target mass. To remove the bombarding-energy dependence, a simple transformation has been applied which gives the excitation energy of the fused system in the simple incomplete-fusion picture. These ``excitation functions'' appear to independent of both the system and bombarding energy.

/pdf/multifragment-events-from-heavy-ion-collisions-sources-and-1v6c2o3x3a.pdf

Multifragment events from heavy-ion collisions: Sources and excitation functions.

Equilibrium and non-equilibrium complex fragment emission in 50–100 MeV/u 139La + 12C reactions

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Multifragment events from heavy-ion collisions: Sources and excitation functions.

Equilibrium and non-equilibrium complex fragment emission in 50–100 MeV/u 139La + 12C reactions