Tensile properties of ADI material in water and gaseous environments

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is an advanced cast iron material that has a broad field of application and, among others, it is used in contact and for conveyance of fluids. However, it is noticed that in contact with some fluids, especially water, ADI material becomes brittle. The most significant decrease is established for the elongation. However, the influence of water and the cause of this phenomenon is still not fully understood. For that reason, in this paper, the influence of different water concentrations in ethyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of ADI materials was studied. The test was performed on two different types of ADI materials in 0.2, 4, 10, and 100 vol.% water concentration environments, and in dry condition. It was found that even the smallest concentration of water (0.2 vol.%) causes formation of the embrittled zone at fracture surface. However, not all mechanical properties were affected equally and not all water concentrations have been critical. The highest deterioration was established in the elongation, followed by the ultimate tensile strength, while the proof strength was affected least.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/1/94/pdf

The Effect of Water Concentration in Ethyl Alcohol on the Environmentally Assisted Embrittlement of Austempered Ductile Irons

The objective of this research is to study the influence of microstructure and grinding on the corrosion resistance of ADI in salt water. Immersion and electrochemical tests were performed on samples austempered at two different temperatures and ground. The results indicate that the dissolution rate increases as the nodule count does, and it is also affected by the microstructure and by the surface changes introduced during grinding. A porous layer is formed on ADI-corroded surface due to the selective dissolution of ferrite, and a preferential dissolution of the matrix around graphite is noticeable. Ground surfaces are less corrosion resistant than polished ones.

/pdf/corrosion-mechanisms-in-adi-parts-1er8y1ni43.pdf

Corrosion mechanisms in ADI parts

The acicular ferrite in austempered ductile iron(ADI)matrix around graphite was corroded preferentially in wet condition,promoting crack origination and propagation and resulting in the disappearance of ADI fatigue limit.ADI fatigue strength was gradually reduced with increasing the time of test and was reduced by 50% in wet condition at 107 cycles compared with the fatigue limit in dry condition.The fatigue strength variation of ferritic ductile iron in wet condition was similar to that of ADI.The ferritic ductile iron,however,has better corrosion resistance so that the fatigue strength was lowered only by 10% in wet condition at 107 cycles compared with the fatigue limit in dry condition.On the other hand,the fatigue limits of A DI and ferritic ductile iron were dropped by 32% and 25% in tap water dipping 480h/dry condition respectively compared with those in dry condition.The reduction of fatigue limit was attributed to corrosion pits formation correlated with stress concentration,resulting in origination and propagation of fatigue crack.

Fatigue Properties of Austempered Ductile Iron(ADI) in Water Environment

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Fatigue Properties of Austempered Ductile Iron(ADI) in Water Environment