Blooms of autotrophic algae and some heterotrophic protists are increasingly frequent in coastal waters around the world and are collectively grouped as harmful algal blooms (HABs). Blooms of these organisms are attributed to two primary factors: natural processes such as circulation, upwelling relaxation, and river flow; and, anthropogenic loadings leading to eutrophication. Unfortunately, the latter is commonly assumed to be the primary cause of all blooms, which is not the case in many instances. Moreover, although it is generally acknowledged that occurrences of these phenomena are increasing throughout the world's oceans, the reasons for this apparent increase remain debated and include not only eutrophication but increased observation efforts in coastal zones of the world. There is a rapidly advancing monitoring effort resulting from the perception of increased impacts from these HABs, manifested as expanding routine coastal monitoring programs, rapid development and deployment of new detection methods for individual species, toxins, and toxicities, and expansion of coastal modeling activities towards observational forecasts of bloom landfall and eventually bloom prediction. Together, these many efforts will provide resource managers with the tools needed to develop effective strategies for the management and mitigation of HABs and their frequently devastating impacts on the coastal environment.

Harmful algal blooms: causes, impacts and detection

ion of groundwater was not shown to be a significant issue. While the implementation of measures, which are required to return these groundwater bodies to good status, will have environmental benefits, they are also likely to have some social and economic costs. Further characterisation, risk, status and trend assessments will be undertaken in the 2 River Basin Planning cycle, and trend assessments will be undertaken for the first time at monitoring points where monitoring data were sufficient to undertake the assessments during the 1 River Basin Planning cycle. The results of chemical status, quantitative status, overall status and trend assessments are reported in the River Basin Management Plans for each River Basin Management District, and are available from the WFD Ireland “Water Matters” website (http://www.

Water quality in ireland 2007-2009

A review of karenia mikimotoi: Bloom events, physiology, toxicity and toxic mechanism.

Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Newforge Lane, Belfast, BT9 5PX, United Kingdom
2 Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute,Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
3 Marine Scotland Marine Laboratory, PO Box 101, 375 Victoria Road,Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, United Kingdom
4Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia,Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
5 Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Pakeeld Road,Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, United Kingdom
6The Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Galway, Ireland7Corresponding author, e-mail address: Richard.gowen@afbini.gov.ukAbstract Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment of coastal waters is considered to be one reason for 
the putative worldwide increase in the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). This has led 
to the view that the occurrence of HABs diagnoses the undesirable consequence of anthropogenic 
nutrient enrichment and thus eutrophication. This view rests on a set of assumptions. In this paper, 
these assumptions and the arguments that have been made about the increase in HABs and their 
causes are reviewed. No consensus regarding the role of anthropogenic nutrients in stimulating the 
occurrence of HABs was found. Attempts to relate trends in HABs to enrichment are confounded 
by spatial and temporal variability in naturally occurring HABs; the human-mediated transport of 
HAB species; increased monitoring and reporting; variability in large-scale meteorological forcing; the in£uence of climate change. For large-biomass HABs, the hypothesis that nutrient enrichment can cause HABs is supported in some water bodies but not in others. The global evidence 
that enrichment brings about an increase in low-biomass HABs of toxin-producing species is more 
equivocal. It is concluded that evidence of a link in one coastal region should not be taken as evidence of a general linkage in other coastal regions. The occurrence of HABs and the abundance of 
HAB species should not be used to diagnose eutrophication unless a link to anthropogenic nutrient 
enrichment can be demonstrated.

Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment and blooms of harmful phytoplankton

A simple short range model for the prediction of harmful algal events in the bays of southwestern Ireland

The oceanography of southwest Ireland: current research activities

The development of a bloom of the dinoflagellate [ Gyrodinium aureolum (Hulbert)] on the south-west Irish coast

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

B. Joyce

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

The oceanography of southwest Ireland: current research activities

The development of a bloom of the dinoflagellate [ Gyrodinium aureolum (Hulbert)] on the south-west Irish coast