Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are nearly ubiquitous contaminants of freshwater and marine sediments. Sediment PAHs are derived from combustion of organic matter, fossil fuels, and biosynthesis by microbes. Pyrogenic PAHs, particularly those associated with combustion particles (soot), have a low accessibility and bioavailability in sediments. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with petroleum, creosote, or coal tar in sediments may have a moderate accessibility/bioavailability, particularly if the PAHs are part of a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) phase that is in contact with sediment pore water. We present a method for estimating the hazard of complex PAH assemblage in sediments to benthic organisms. Concentrations of all PAHs in sediment pore water are estimated by an equilibrium partitioning model relative to concentrations in bulk sediment. Predicted log Koc values can be used for predicting sediment/water partitioning of petrogenic PAH, but empirically derived log Kd values are needed to predict partitioning of pyrogenic PAH. A hazard quotient (HQ) for each PAH is calculated as the ratio of the estimated concentration in pore water to the chronic toxicity of the PAH determined by a log Kow/toxicity model. Hazard quotients for all PAH in a sample are summed to produce a hazard index (HI), which is a measure of the worst-case estimated hazard of the sediment PAH to benthic organisms. The results of this study show that the integration of HI results with PAH source data provides insights into the causes of sediment toxicity that are useful in an ecological risk assessment.

https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1897/IEAM_2004a-016.1

Ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments: Identifying sources and ecological hazard

Bonding in cementitious materials with asphalt-coated particles: Part I – The interfacial transition zone

Roof runoff is generally perceived as a relatively clean source of water and is therefore often discharged or used without any treatment. Available data from literature however show that roof runoff can be contaminated by a wide range of (micro)pollutants, and in concentrations often exceeding surface water quality and/or drinking water standards. In this review, information on more than 100 contaminants, including trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, phthalates, alkylphenols and alkylphenolethoxylates, is summarized and a meta-analysis provides quantitative proof that roof runoff is a major contributor to stormwater quality deterioration. The two prime sources of roof runoff contamination are leaching from roofing materials and atmospheric deposition. A detailed discussion on material-pollutant relationships is given and a benchmarking method is presented which ranks roofing materials based on their runoff quality. Treated wood roofing and metallic rooftops (copper and zinc) were found to have the highest impact on water quality. Atmospheric deposition is also discussed in detail and includes a summary on the concentration levels in deposition for more than 400 pollutants such as trace metals, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. As a conclusion, it can be argued that the general perception on roof runoff quality is inaccurate and that its quality aspects should not be overlooked when roof runoff is used or discharged.

Roof runoff contamination: a review on pollutant nature, material leaching and deposition

Mycobacterium sp. ELW1 co-metabolically degraded up to 1.8 μmol of phenanthrene (PHE) in ∼48 h, and hydroxyphenanthrene (OHPHE) metabolites, including 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OHPHE), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-OHPHE), 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OHPHE), 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OHPHE), 9,10-dihydroxyphenanthrene (1,9-OHPHE), and trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (trans-9,10-OHPHE), were identified and quantified over time. The monooxygenase responsible for co-metabolic transformation of PHE was inhibited by 1-octyne. First-order PHE transformation rates, kPHE, and half-lives, t1/2, for PHE-exposed cells were 0.16–0.51 h–1 and 1.4–4.3 h, respectively, and the 1-octyne controls ranged from 0.015–0.10 h–1 to 7.0–47 h, respectively. While single compound standards of PHE and trans-9,10-OHPHE, the major OHPHE metabolite formed by ELW1, were not toxic to embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio), single compound standards of minor OHPHE metabolites, 1-OHPHE, 3-OHPHE, 4-OHPHE, 9-OHPHE, and 1,9-OHPHE, were toxic,...

Formation of Developmentally Toxic Phenanthrene Metabolite Mixtures by Mycobacterium sp. ELW1

Review of the impact of stormwater and leaching from pavements on the environment.

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Asphalt and in Corresponding Leachate Water

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

B. J. Sweeney

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Asphalt and in Corresponding Leachate Water