This report deals with a general reexamination of the systematics of sulfosalts. It represents an update of the activity of the Sulfosalt Sub-Committee within the Commission on Ore Mineralogy of the International Mineralogical Association, in connection with the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC-IMA). Part I presents generali- ties of sulfosalt definition and nomenclature. After an extended chemical definition of sulfosalts, attention is focused on "classic" sulfosalts with As 3+ ,S b 3+ ,B i 3+ or Te 4+ as cations, corresponding to the general formula (Me + , Me' 2+ , etc.)x ((Bi, Sb, As) 3+ , Te 4+ )y ((S, Se, Te) 2− )z (Me, Me': various metals). General aspects of their chemistry and classification principles are summarized, especially with regard to chemical substitutions and modular analysis of complex crystal structures. On this basis, Part II presents a review of sulfosalt systematics. Six main crystal-chemical sub-groups are distinguished (plus some unclassified species), con- cerning more than 220 valid mineral species. Among others whose status is questioned are those considered to be varieties of well-defined species; minerals with ill-defined X-ray data; those that are possibly identical species; and those that represent the potential revalidation of old species. More than 50 crystal structures still remain unsolved, among which about a half probably corresponds to new structure types.

/pdf/sulfosalt-systematics-a-review-report-of-the-sulfosalt-sub-4ov8zelif8.pdf

Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy

Different degrees of similarity between inorganic crystal structures are defined concisely and examples are presented that illustrate their practical application. A notation giving the coordination of atoms is presented together with some basic rules for developing crystal-chemical formulae and the Bauverband description of inorganic structure types. Typical examples of the nomenclature are: pyrite Fe[6°]{g}[S2(3;1)t], [F(□2l) + F′FeS2Pa\bar 3; spinel Mg[4]AI2[6]O4, ∞3[Mg[4t]lAl2[6o]O4[l,3;12co]], Fm222 + D, T′ MgAI2O4 Fd\bar 3m.

/pdf/nomenclature-of-inorganic-structure-types-report-of-the-1mn3rmuemm.pdf

Nomenclature of inorganic structure types. Report of the International Union of Crystallography Commission on Crystallographic Nomenclature Subcommittee on the Nomenclature of Inorganic Structure Types

Metal chalcogenide cluster chemistry

Our compilation of ~900 published results of analyses for minerals of the tetradymite series (tellurobismuthite, tetradymite, guanajuatite, paraguanajuatite, kawazulite, skippenite, tsumoite, hedleyite, pilsenite, laitakarite, ikunolite, joseite-A, joseite-B) allows compositional fields among naturally occurring Bi–Te–Se–S compounds to be established. New compositional data for ingodite, laitakarite, pilsenite, kawazulite and tellurobismuthite extend previously known compositional limits. Recognized minerals can, for the most part, be satisfactorily and conveniently classified according to the ratio Bi(+ Pb)/(Te + Se + S), into the subsystems (isoseries) Bi 2 Te 3 –Bi 2 Se 3 –Bi 2 S 3 , Bi 4 Te 3 –Bi 4 Se 3 –Bi 4 S 3 and BiTe–BiSe–BiS. Most minerals show limited compositional variation, but this is generally more extensive in the Se-bearing phases ( e.g., laitakarite) and in certain members of the system Bi–Te, such as hedleyite and tsumoite. Substitution of minor Pb for Bi is widespread throughout the group, especially in the Bi 4 Te 3 –Bi 4 Se 3 –Bi 4 S 3 subgroup. Several possible additional minerals or compositional variants of existing minerals would appear to exist in nature, including Bi 4 Te 2 Se, Bi 4 Te(Se,S) 2 , Bi 3 Te 2 Se and Bi 3 (Te,S,Se) 4 . Within the above groups, Bi(+ Pb)/(Te + Se + S) stoichiometry is remarkably constant, in accordance with known and derived structures in which all phases (except those in which Pb is essential) can be envisaged in terms of various combinations of nonvalent five-atom Bi 2 X 3 and two-atom Bi 2 layers. Deviation from Bi(+ Pb)/(Te + Se + S) stoichiometry within the isoseries may be linked to stacking disorder. Noting the appearance of many other phases and stoichiometries in experimental work in the system Bi–Te–Se–S and its subsystems, as well as the homologous character of this series, we predict that a significant number of additional mineral phases exist in nature and will be discovered in the future. Many of these, however, cannot be identified by chemical microanalysis alone.

MINERALS OF THE SYSTEM Bi–Te–Se–S RELATED TO THE TETRADYMITE ARCHETYPE: REVIEW OF CLASSIFICATION AND COMPOSITIONAL VARIATION

Misfit layer compounds (MS)nTS2 (M = Sn, Pb, Bi, rare earth elements: T = Nb, Ta ; n = 1.08 – 1.19), a new class of layer compounds

We consider incommensurate structures of the type which have two more or less independent, though modulated, sub-lattices derived from misfitting layers of two types, alternating regularly in the layer-stacking direction. These are the two-dimensional analogues of the so-called “chimney-ladder” structures (which are one-dimensional).

Non-commensurate (misfit) layer structures

Incommensurate, two-layer structures with complex crystal chemistry: Minerals and related synthetics

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Non-commensurate (misfit) layer structures

Incommensurate, two-layer structures with complex crystal chemistry: Minerals and related synthetics