Efficient and sufficiently accurate analytical models are valuable tools for the design of planar magnetic components. This paper describes a new analytical model of winding capacitances and dielectric losses for planar transformers. It is compared qualitatively with a more simple model valid for wire wound components and validated against measured capacitances of some prototypes. The new model can be used to optimize the design of planar magnetic components. Optimizing the thickness of the insulation layers between the copper layers of a planar winding is shown as an example.

Analytical modelling of winding capacitances and dielectric losses for planar transformers

Switch mode power supplies as a mass produced article leave room for optimization especially at the voluminous magnetic components Hereby planar component designs can reduce the overall height of the power supply and give it a more compact design Since cores are available in standard sizes the optimal winding layout has to be found Due to increased parasitic capacitance interleaving is not a good option to reduce losses in the windings at high frequency resonant power supplies This article presents and evaluates different winding designs for resonant switch mode transformers operating in power supplies with frequencies larger than 500kHz This article shows that the revolved parallel design performs best of the tested designs under the given conditions In addition, the revolved design can compete with solutions as planar litz when it comes to value meaning cost and production complexity Furthermore, the article shows the abilities of a heat measurement prototype

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High frequency winding design for planar switch mode transformers

Thermal is considered as a principal constraint in size reduction of passive components in power electronics. In fact, the maximum temperature rise of component must be kept under a limit that heat dissipation cannot destroy the device materials. Therefore thermal modelling has to be taken in design optimisation of the components. We propose, in this paper, two analytical thermal models of free convection and radiation that can be applied to planar magnetic components. The models are verified by experimental tests, advantages and weakness of each model are analyzed to find out an appropriate one using in optimization tools.

Two free air convection and radiation thermal models for planar magnetic components

When used in high insulation voltage DC-DC converter occasions, the influence of planar transformer winding structure on winding loss is more severe. In high-voltage applications, Dowell's classic one-dimensional model and two-dimensional model show poor precision due to the lack of accurate current distribution analysis in the horizontal direction. To eliminate the error, this paper proposes an improved one-dimensional model to solve the detailed current distribution in PCB windings, which helps further evaluate the winding loss under the influence of structure and frequency. Then the influence of winding structure on the current distribution and loss is analyzed. A high voltage planar transformer is designed and tested based on the analysis above to prove the effectiveness of the model. 

Modeling and Evaluation of Winding Losses in High Voltage Planar Transformers

Calculating the winding losses is of major importance for the design of magnetic components for power electronics. Two-dimensional finite element programs provide sufficiently accurate results. However, using them is cumbersome. Therefore there is a considerable need for efficient analytical models suitable to assess a large number of design alternatives. State of the art one-dimensional models fail in many situations. A two-dimensional analytical model for planar magnetic components is presented that overcomes the shortcomings of the one-dimensional models. Its accuracy is corroborated by a comparison with results obtained from finite element calculations. Quantifying the tradeoff between the building height and winding losses of a planar inductor is discussed as a design example.

Two-dimensional calculation of winding losses in planar magnetic components

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Two-dimensional calculation of winding losses in planar magnetic components