The second edition of The Biomarker Guide is a fully updated and expanded version of this essential reference. Now in two volumes, it provides a comprehensive account of the role that biomarker technology plays both in petroleum exploration and in understanding Earth history and processes. Biomarkers and Isotopes in the Environment and Human History details the origins of biomarkers and introduces basic chemical principles relevant to their study. It discusses analytical techniques, and applications of biomarkers to environmental and archaeological problems. The Biomarker Guide is an invaluable resource for geologists, petroleum geochemists, biogeochemists, environmental scientists and archaeologists.

The Biomarker Guide

Organic residue analysis utilizes analytical organic chemical techniques to identify the nature and origins of organic remains that cannot be characterized using traditional techniques of archaeological investigation (because they are either amorphous or invisible). The field is founded upon the principle that the biomolecular, or biochemical, components of organic materials associated with human activity survive in a wide variety of locations and deposits at archaeological sites. The archaeological information contained in organic residues is represented by the biomolecular components of the natural products that contribute to the formation of a given residue. By applying appropriate separation (chromatographic) and identification (mass spectrometric) techniques, the preserved, and altered, biomolecular components of such residues can be revealed. Once identified, the Archaeological Biomarker Concept can be applied, wherein the structure and even isotopic composition(s) of a given biomolecule or suite of biomolecules (the ‘chemical fingerprint’) can be related to the compositions of organisms exploited by humans in the past. As the organic residue field emerges from its pre-paradigmatic phase, and the organic residue revolution gathers pace, the way is open for challenging many long-held archaeological hypotheses and offering new perspectives on the study of human activity in the past.

Organic residue analysis in archaeology: the archaeological biomarker revolution*

http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/~chidb/personal/content/paper14.pdf

The origin of faeces by means of biomarker detection.

Medium‐sized biomolecules, particularly lipids, can frequently be detected in ancient materials. The structures and compositions of mixtures of lipids can provide direct evidence for their origin, and hence, evidence for human activity in the past. An important concept in the field of biomolecular archaeology of lipids is that of ‘biomarkers’. Archaeological biomarkers are characteristic compounds (or mixtures of compounds) found in archaeological materials that can be matched to those present in contemporary materials likely to have been exploited in antiquity. Some of the general principles surrounding the use of lipid biomarkers, including their properties, origins, means of detection, characterization, modes of preservation and decay, and application to archaeological investigation, are discussed in this article. Examples are presented to illustrate the scope of the biomolecular archaeology of lipids and some remarks are made concerning possible areas of future development.

Biomolecular archaeology and lipids

1. Aperitif 2. The food itself 3. The packaging 4. The human remains 5. Written evidence 6. Kitchen and dining basics: techniques and utensils 7. The store cupboard 8. Staples 9. Meat 10. Dairy products 11. Poultry and eggs 12. Fish and seafood 13. Game 14. Greengrocery 15. Drink 16. The end of independence 17. A brand new province 18. Coming of age 19. A different world 20. Digestif.

/pdf/eating-and-drinking-in-roman-britain-3qii69hwnp.pdf

Eating and Drinking in Roman Britain

Evidence concerning the roman military diet at Bearsden, Scotland, in the 2nd Century AD

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

B.A. Knights

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Evidence concerning the roman military diet at Bearsden, Scotland, in the 2nd Century AD