Review of progress, QNDE

This study aims at improving the detection of near-surface defects in magnetizable and conductive specimens by combining the measurements of eddy current, magnetic flux leakage and thermography testing Different signal processing methods for data normalization are proposed to enable data fusion at the pixel level These methods are applied to a test specimen which contains 10 variably-sized defects We quantitatively evaluate the performances of a total of 29 detection methods with respect to false alarm reduction at a fixed level of true positive rate We report that false positive rate could be reduced from 165% down to 028% by the best multi-sensor method compared to the best single-sensor performance on the smallest defect, when 50% found flaw pixels are required for successful detection

Multi-sensor image fusion at signal level for improved near-surface crack detection

In this article, the state-of-the-art multi-wave and hybrid imaging techniques in the field of nondestructive evaluation and structural health monitoring were comprehensively reviewed. A new direction for assessment and health monitoring of various structures by capitalizing the advantages of those imaging methods was discussed. Although sharing similar system configurations, the imaging physics and principles of multi-wave phenomena and hybrid imaging methods are inherently different. After a brief introduction of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) , structure health monitoring (SHM) and their related challenges, several recent advances that have significantly extended imaging methods from laboratory development into practical applications were summarized, followed by conclusions and discussion on future directions.

/pdf/multi-wave-and-hybrid-imaging-techniques-a-new-direction-for-3a1uzqb59n.pdf

Multi-Wave and Hybrid Imaging Techniques: A New Direction for Nondestructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring

Critical insights into the state-of-the-art NDE data fusion techniques for the inspection of structural systems

Applying contemporary data fusion techniques, the multi-modal nondestructive testing (NDT) data sets can be combined to obtain more reliable results. The reliability can be quantified in terms of the probability of detection of sought material defects. A concise review of the published studies on NDT data fusion is provided here and the key concepts and anticipated challenges are discussed. The detailed steps involved in the NDT fusion process are explained with reference to a case study. The presented data set includes the results of three different NDT techniques on a test specimen with built-in defects. Several pixel-level fusion algorithms were applied and their performances are quantitatively compared.

Application of data fusion in nondestructive testing (NDT)

Advantages and limitations associated with each nondestructive evaluation (NDE) modality raises a tradeoff in which no single modality can be identified for a particular application. Techniques are presented here that can be used to enhance inspection process based on multi-spectral, multi-temporal, and multi-resolution image fusion. The necessary elements for building an intelligent NDE system based on image fusion are introduced. An application is presented considering the fusion of optical and eddy current images. Developed image evaluation measures (quality metrics) are adopted to cross the gap between subjective and objective evaluation, which is essential to automate NDE systems in industrial environments.

/pdf/image-fusion-based-enhancement-of-nondestructive-evaluation-492r8ojmzk.pdf

Image Fusion Based Enhancement of Nondestructive Evaluation Systems

Type III stilling basin, according to USBR classification, is conventionally designed like other basins for a single discharge which is usually the design discharge and its performance at other discharges is tested in a hydraulic model This paper presents a new method of design for a modified type 111 basin over a major range of discharges passing the spillway structure The modified basin has two rows of friction blocks in contrast to one row in the USBR basin, to improve velocity distribution of post-jump subcritical flow in the basin The design is accomplished by developing a dimensionless semi-theoretical relationship for forced jump height curves (FRJHCS) of the spillway-stilling basin combination and matching the dimensionless tailwater rating curve (TWRC) of the river site with one of the FRJHCS, translating the TWRC verticaly if necessary So as to avoid preparation of a large family of FRJHCS for the purpose of matching, an alternative method of matching has been developed based on the 

Modified type III stilling basin - new method of design

Recent advances in instrumentation and signal processing allow the acquisition of eddy current NDE signal in the form of c-san images. A technique is presented in this paper to enhance eddy current inspection based on multi-spectral, multi-temporal, and multi-resolution image fusion. The developed algorithm is motivated by human eye perception of colored objects. Mathematically it is based on the IHS transform, as well as the shift invariant wavelet analysis. Quality of resulting fusion images is evaluated based on statistical image quality metrics.

Image fusion based enhancement of eddy current nondestructive evaluation

Advantages and limitations associated with each NDE modality raises a tradeoff in which no single modality can be identified for a particular application. The necessary elements for building an intelligent NDE system based on image fusion are introduced. An application is presented considering the fusion of optical and eddy current images. Fusion algorithms are implemented using intensity hue saturation (IHS) transform, discrete wavelet transform and IHS with shift invariant wavelet decomposition. Developed image evaluation measures (quality metrics) are adopted to cross the gap between subjective and objective evaluation, which is essential to automate NDE systems in industrial environments. Introduced quality metric depends on mean square error (RMSE), correlation (CORR), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mutual information (MI). Analysis of the developed system is presented based on experimental data.

Multimodal image fusion for next generation NDE systems

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Papers

Image Fusion Based Enhancement of Nondestructive Evaluation Systems

Modified type III stilling basin - new method of design

Image fusion based enhancement of eddy current nondestructive evaluation

Multimodal image fusion for next generation NDE systems