Natural calamities and pandemics massively affect small-scale entrepreneurs. In this paper, we aim to assess how the COVID-19 pandemic affected small dairy farms in the megacity of Bengaluru, India, where they supply a high share of the milk demand. In 2020 a total of 129 farms were visited before the first lockdown (January to March) and interviewed again after the lockdown had been loosened (August to September). Questions addressed feed supply to dairy cows, milk yield and marketing, and coping strategies for lockdown impacts. Results showed that the share of farmers not feeding concentrates increased from 1% before lockdown to 7% afterward (p < 0.05), and those not offering dry forages increased from 20% to 33% (p < 0.05) due to increasing forage prices. Milk yield dropped in all surveyed farms from 3905 L before to 2861 L after lockdown (p < 0.05) due to the sale of 30% of lactating cows across the farms. Enabling farmers to better cope with shocks through feed storage and by processing their surplus milk into durable products should be prioritised by supporting institutions such as dairy cooperatives. Alternatively, insurance schemes can capacitate farmers to maintain a fresh milk supply to urban consumers in the wake of global challenges.

/pdf/impacts-of-covid-19-on-small-scale-dairy-enterprises-in-an-2vp1jyo2.pdf

Impacts of COVID-19 on Small-Scale Dairy Enterprises in an Indian Megacity—Insights from Greater Bengaluru

Professor & Head, Division of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA Assistant Professor, Division of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Department of Sheep Husbandry, Government of Jammu & Kashmir, INDIA

Effect of Goat Rearing on Farmer's Income

Smart technologies and its application have shown great promise for the modernization of extension services in both developed and developing countries. Improving rural livelihoods through smart technologies is one of the key areas, which has potential to change the livestock economy. Enormous increase in the mobile and internet users has ushered in a revolution in ICT research and development. We wouldn’t be wrong if we dubbed this period the “ICT Era”. The government of India’s Digital India Mission, as well as telecom providers’ provision of affordable pricing to subscribers, have cleared the road for internet technology to reach everyone’s doorstep. Many public and private organizations involved in research related to the livestock sector have developed many such ICTs for the use of livestock farmers. Improved package of practices are being provided to the farmers by the use of mobile apps, expert systems, and web portals whereas the regular advisories are provided to them through tele-services, SMS and Remote Sensing based tools. The animals are being identified by the use of RFID tags which are helping livestock farmers as well as the resource-based companies for resource disposal. Furthermore, the farmers are connected to peers through social media and mobile telephony like Kisan Call Centre. The new buzzword, i.e. artificial intelligence (AI) through its diverse applications has the potential to revolutionize the livestock industry, like; artificial neural networks, deep learning, machine learning, natural language processing, cloud computing, block chain technology, internet of things, precision farming, sensor based systems, robotics, and so forth. It is also predicted that AI will lead in the world’s “fourth industrial revolution”. which will be a digital revolution. All of these technologies work together to create an “Information Web” for farmers, which is in charge of disseminating timely livestock development information. This chapter details the ICTs which are in use by the livestock farmers and the ones which are yet to come. 

Smart Technologies in Livestock Farming

Abstract Among the components of China's actual economic structure, aquaculture has always been a key project, and as a part of agriculture, it has been greatly developed. However, there are still many problems in the actual breeding process, such as low financial support, low information transparency, high financing difficulty and lack of channels, high claims costs and serious moral hazard in the livestock and poultry breeding insurance field, which will affect the development and progress of the industry, Therefore, in this context, this paper improves the efficiency analysis of financial support for livestock and poultry breeding insurance by introducing data mining and swarm intelligence algorithms. Then use the analysis data to build a model to further evaluate the efficiency of financial support. The construction of the model is roughly divided into four parts: insurance density, insurance depth, insurance amount and income. The weight of different indicators is calculated through the analytic hierarchy process, and the overall ranking results are output through consistency test. Some data of the above models are used as the output indicators of DEA decision-making units for top-down ranking. The result analysis shows that the development of technology in this industry can effectively improve the actual productivity of agricultural crops, thus effectively promoting the development of local agriculture. In this paper, data mining and swarm intelligence algorithms are introduced into livestock and poultry breeding insurance to complete the analysis and evaluation of financial support. 

/pdf/application-of-data-mining-based-on-swarm-intelligence-clnqzc1x.pdf

Application of data mining based on swarm intelligence algorithm in financial support of livestock and poultry breeding insurance

Yak herding, a market-based tradition, is vanishing gradually. The changing environment such as climate change, policy context, and socioeconomic change is not in favor of yak herding. Using a choice experiment survey approach, this study determines the yak herders’ preferences to improve yak herding in Kanchenjunga Landscape, Nepal. The results of the choice response analysis indicate that yak herders prefer to improve yak herding by improving rangeland management, infrastructure, and health and safety services. Herders have a high preference for yak insurance (US dollar [USD] 6.82/yak), followed by cultivating an improved variety of grass in rangeland (USD 6.71/yak), improved health services (USD 5.68/yak), allowing controlled burning (USD 4.72/yak), and permanent structure of shed (USD 4.39/yak). Additionally, this analysis suggests that a policy is required to allow controlled burning to improve the condition of rangeland, which can contribute to reducing the encroachment of shrubs. Similarly, there is also a need to further explore the appropriate insurance mechanism for yaks to involve all yak herders and reduce their risk. 

Herders’ Preferences for Maintaining Yak Herding in the Eastern Himalayas

Status of Livestock Insurance in India and A Complete Guide: An Evidence-Based Review

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Status of Livestock Insurance in India and A Complete Guide: An Evidence-Based Review