Adamantyl-based compounds are commercially important in the treatments for neurological conditions and type-2 diabetes, aside from their anti-viral abilities. Their values in drug design are chronicled as multi-dimensional. In the present study, a series of 2-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl benzoates, 2(a–q), and 2-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl 2-pyridinecarboxylate, 2r, were synthesized by reacting 1-adamantyl bromomethyl ketone with various carboxylic acids using potassium carbonate in dimethylformamide medium at room temperature. Three-dimensional structures studied using X-ray diffraction suggest that the adamantyl moiety can serve as an efficient building block to synthesize 2-oxopropyl benzoate derivatives with synclinal conformation with a looser-packed crystal packing system. Compounds 2a, 2b, 2f, 2g, 2i, 2j, 2m, 2n, 2o, 2q and 2r exhibit strong antioxidant activities in the hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging test. Furthermore, three compounds, 2p, 2q and 2r, show good anti-inflammatory activities in the evaluation of albumin denaturation.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/10/18827/pdf

Synthesis and Crystallographic Insight into the Structural Aspects of Some Novel Adamantane-Based Ester Derivatives

Aims: The aim of this present study is to investigate antibacterial activity of extracts and/or essential oils of Vitex negundo L. leaves to an unknown pathogenic bacterium have been resistant to various groups of antibiotics Study Design: The study was design followed by previously studied and manuals of antimicrobial susceptibility test. Methodology: For antimicrobial susceptibility test disks diffusion method were used according to the guideline of European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing followed by McFarland standards. Various groups of antibiotics were used for conforming resistant of this unknown pathogen. The zone of inhibition and MIC was compared and measures with National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines and reference data of previously studied. Results: According to NCCLS and data to our study revealed that UB201201 (unknown) was a Original Research Article Mahfuz-Al-Mamun et al.; EJMP, 8(2): 97-106, 2015; Article no.EJMP.2015.094 98 multidrug resistant bacterium. Molecular identification discloses the bacterium were Bacillus cereus group. All extracts of Vitex negundo L. leaves (ethanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and hexane) and essential oils were responsible for antibacterial susceptibility with inhibition zone of 29±0.7, 9±0.5, 8±0.3, 12±0.7, and 25±0.2 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study signifies ethanolic extract of Vitex negundo L. leaves as moderate antimicrobials and can be used for pharmaceutical and medicinal purpose. Therefore, isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from this plant will be an interest for human being.

Antibacterial activity of Vitex negundo L. against a multidrug resistant pathogenic bacterium.

Indonesia has many types of plants that have the potential to be used as natural antioxidants. This study aims to characterize natural sources of antioxidants from five plants species: jackfruit leaves, turmeric, black tea, soursop peels, and aloe vera. The method used involved an analysis of phytochemicals in the form of polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids. As well as analysis of antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and Duncan’s test. Based on these data, the highest yields were found in jackfruit leaves, turmeric, black tea, and aloe vera (P<0.05), while the lowest yields were found in soursop peels. Based on phytochemical data, the highest total phenol was found in jackfruit leaves and soursop skin (P<0.05). While the highest flavonoid content was found in black tea and aloe vera (P<0.05), and the highest tannin content was found in black tea and soursop skin. Based on the method of measuring antioxidant activity, it was found that jackfruit leaves and black tea had the highest antioxidant activity.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/1182/1/012083/pdf

Screening of antioxidant activities and their bioavailability of tropical plants

Pre-Harvest Technologies; Floriculture Sustainability Initiative

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is amongst the most popular beverages around the globe. Tea contains polyphenols and flavonoids, which have huge health significance. Hence, polyphenols and flavonoids can be considered as good indicator for tea quality. In the present investigation four different tea varieties i.e., Nilgiri, Darjeeling, Assam and Munnar were analyzed for their moisture content, water activity, total phenol content and total flavonoid content using UV-visible spectrophotometer. The total amounts of phenol content and total flavonoids were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride method respectively. The total phenol was obtained as in the range of 20.76 ± 0.010 to 25.97 ± 0.027 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight and flavonoids were expressed between 45±0.012 to 53.84±0.017 mg/g of catechin equivalents (mg/g of Catechin of extracted compound) for the sample taken. Nilgiri and Assam tea infusion were determined to have the highest phenol and total flavonoid contents i.e., 25.97 ppm and 53.84 ppm respectively. 

/pdf/physical-and-antioxidant-properties-of-selected-tea-1yyh74xl.pdf

Physical and antioxidant properties of selected tea varieties

Introduction: Vitex negundo (Verbenaceae), traditionally used as anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory. The main aim of the study is to screen antiarthritic activity of aqueous extract of leaves of Vitex negundo by protein denaturation. Methods: The extract at different concentrations was incubated with egg albumin and bovine albumin in controlled experimental conditions and subjected to determination of absorbance to assess the anti-inflammatory property. Diclofenac sodium was used as the reference drug. Results: The present findings exhibited a concentration dependent inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation by the Vitex negundo. The effect of diclofenac sodium was found to be less when compared with the Vitex negundo (1000 µg/ml). Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that Vitex negundo showed marked in vitro antiarthritic effect against the denaturation of protein.

Evaluation of anti-arthritic activity of vitex negundo by in vitro protein denaturation method

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Physical and antioxidant properties of selected tea varieties

Evaluation of anti-arthritic activity of vitex negundo by in vitro protein denaturation method