Novel innovative approaches like edible films have huge potential to be used in food contacting materials due to their positive impacts on ecological problems and other unique properties. Seaweed-based biopolymers can be an excellent and cost-effective source for bio-based polymers. Moreover, to impart functionality in biopolymers-based packaging the addition of essential oils (EOs) can be an eco-friendly and safe alternative to synthetic preservatives. With increasing interest in the use of bioactive compounds like EOs in biodegradable packaging materials, food packaging plays a key role in the preservation of food against environmental factors. This study reviewed a comprehensive summary of seaweed-based polymers sources and their derivatives, and production methods of edible seaweed-biobased films incorporated various EOs and characterization of their properties, EOs and their structure, and more. Edible seaweed-based films could be produced both independently or using its derivatives like agar, carrageenan, furcellaran, and alginate. Seaweed biobased films have more advantages over other polymers or biopolymers. They are edible, cheap, grow rapidly, biocompatible, non-toxic, and can be easily cultivated. The seaweed-based functional films due to their superior features utilize in edible films for food packaging materials. Incorporation of EOs in seaweed-based biopolymers as natural additives with high antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties fulfil a key factor in the forming of edible functional active packaging materials with superior performances to extend the shelf-life of different packed foods. In addition, addition of EOs improve mechanical strength, hydrophobicity, UV-light barrier properties, and thermal properties of seaweeds-based films. 

Incorporation of essential oils in edible seaweed-based films: A comprehensive review

Abstract Edible packaging plays an important role in protecting food products from physical, mechanical, chemical, and microbiological damages by creating a barrier against oxidation, water, and controlling enzymatic activation. The employment of active agents such as plant extracts, essential oils, cross-linkers, and nanomaterials in edible packaging promises to improve mechanical, physical, barrier, and other properties of edible materials as well as food products. In the current review, we have compiled information on the recent advances and trends in developing composite (binary and ternary) edible packaging for food application. Several types of active agents such as essential oils, plant extracts, cross-linking agents, and nanomaterials as well as their functions in edible packaging (active composite) have been discussed. The present study provides the collective information about the high- (high-pressure homogenizer, ultrasonication, and microfludizer) and low-energy (phase inversion temperature and composition and spontaneous emulsification) methods for developing nanoformulations. In addition, concepts of comprehensive studies required for developing edible coatings and films for food packaging applications, as well as overcoming challenges like consumer acceptance, regulatory requirements, and non-toxic scaling up to the commercial applications, have also been discussed. 

Recent Trends in Edible Packaging for Food Applications — Perspective for the Future

Starch modification through its combination with other molecules: Gums, mucilages, polyphenols and salts.

Recently, consumers have been increasingly inclined towards natural antimicrobials and antioxidants in food processing and packaging. Several bioactive compounds have originated from natural sources, and among them, grapefruit seed extract (GSE) is widely accepted and generally safe to use in food. GSE is a very commonly used antimicrobial in food; lately, it has also been found very effective as a coating material or in edible packaging films. A lot of recent work reports the use of GSE in food packaging applications to ensure food quality and safety; therefore, this work intended to provide an up-to-date review of GSE-based packaging. This review discusses GSE, its extraction methods, and their use in manufacturing food packaging film/coatings. Various physical and functional properties of GSE-added film were also discussed. This review also provides the food preservation application of GSE-incorporated film and coating. Lastly, the opportunities, challenges, and perspectives in the GSE-added packaging film/coating are also debated.

/pdf/grapefruit-seed-extract-added-functional-films-and-coating-1pssayrm.pdf

Grapefruit Seed Extract-Added Functional Films and Coating for Active Packaging Applications: A Review

Food waste is key global problem and more than 90% of the leftover waste produced by food packaging factories is dumped in landfills. Foods packaged using eco-friendly materials have a longer shelf life as a result of the increased need for high-quality and secure packaging materials. For packaging purposes, natural foundation materials are required, as well as active substances that can prolong the freshness of the food items. Antimicrobial packaging is one such advancement in the area of active packaging. Biodegradable packaging is a basic form of packaging that will naturally degrade and disintegrate in due course of time. A developing trend in the active and smart food packaging sector is the use of natural antioxidant chemicals and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs). The potential for active food packaging applications has been highlighted by the incorporation of these materials, such as polysaccharides and proteins, in biobased and degradable matrices, because of their stronger antibacterial and antioxidant properties, UV-light obstruction, water vapor permeability, oxygen scavenging, and low environmental impact. The present review highlights the use of antimicrobial agents and nanoparticles in food packaging, which helps to prevent undesirable changes in the food, such as off flavors, colour changes, or the occurrence of any foodborne outcomes. This review attempts to cover the most recent advancements in antimicrobial packaging, whether edible or not, employing both conventional and novel polymers as support, with a focus on natural and biodegradable ingredients.

/pdf/a-comprehensive-review-on-significance-and-advancements-of-21c0qny1.pdf

A Comprehensive Review on Significance and Advancements of Antimicrobial Agents in Biodegradable Food Packaging

Edible films and coatings are a current and future food packaging trend. In the food and envi-ronmental sectors, there is a growing need to understand the role of edible packaging and sus-tainability. Gums are polysaccharides of natural origin that are frequently utilized as thickeners, clarifying agents, gelling agents, emulsifiers, and stabilizers in the food sector. Gums come in a variety of forms, including seed gums, mucilage gums, exudate gums, and so on. As a biodegradable and sustainable alternative to petrochemical-based film and coatings, gums could be a promising option. Natural plant gum-based edible packaging helps to ensure extension of shelf-life of fresh and processed foods while also reducing microbiological alteration and/or oxidation processes. In this review, the possible applications of gum-based polymers and their functional properties in development of edible films and coatings, were comprehensively dis-cussed. In the future, technology for developing natural gum-based edible films and coatings might be applied commercially to improve shelf life and preserve the quality of foods.

/pdf/natural-gum-based-functional-bioactive-films-and-coatings-a-2s5roumo.pdf

Natural Gum-Based Functional Bioactive Films and Coatings: A Review

Fabrication of brewer’s spent grain fortified bio-based edible bowls: a promising alternative to plastic containers

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Natural Gum-Based Functional Bioactive Films and Coatings: A Review

Fabrication of brewer’s spent grain fortified bio-based edible bowls: a promising alternative to plastic containers