Variant immunoglobulins, particularly humanized antibody polypeptides are provided, along with methods for their preparation and use. Consensus immunoglobulin sequences and structural models are also provided.

Method for making humanized antibodies

Histone deacetylase is a metallo-enzyme with zinc at the active site. Compounds having a zinc-binding moiety, such as, for example, a hydroxamic acid group or a carboxylic acid group, can inhibit histone deacetylase. Histone deacetylase can repress gene expression, including expression of genes related to tumor suppression. Accordingly, inhibition of histone deacetylase can provide an alternate route for treating cancer, hematological disorders, e.g., hemoglobinopathies, and genetic related metabolic disorders, e.g., cystic fibrosis and adrenoleukodystrophy.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors

The invention relates to novel spiroketal-substituted cyclic ketoenols of formula (I), where A, B, Q1, Q2, D, G, W, X, Y, and Z have the given meanings, method and intermediates for production thereof and use thereof as pesticide and/or microbicide and/or herbicide. The invention further relates to selective herbicidal agents, containing the spiroketal-substituted cyclic ketoenols and a compound improving the compatibility with cultivated plants.

Spiroketal-substituted cyclic ketoenols

Described are novel reversible photochromic naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are compounds substituted at the 3 position of the pyran ring with (i) an aryl substituent and (ii) a phenyl substituent having a 5- or 6-member heterocyclic ring fused at the number 3 and 4 carbon atoms of the phenyl substituent. Also described are organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds. Articles such as ophthalmic lenses or other plastic transparencies that incorporate the novel naphthopyran compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., spiro(indoline) type compounds, are also described.

Photochromic naphthopyran compounds

Various chromanone, flavanone and abyssinone compounds as can be prepares enantioselectively using a chiral thiourea catalyst.

Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of flavanones and chromanes

The present invention concerns novel compounds of formula (I) in which Het stands for one of the groups (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5), A, B, D, G, V, W, X, Y and Z having the meanings given in the description. The invention further concerns processes and intermediate products for the preparation of these compounds, and their use as pesticides and herbicides.

Substituted phenyl keto enols as pesticides and herbicides

The present invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) in which X, Y and Z have the meanings given in the specification and Het stands for one of the groups (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6), in which A, B, D and G have the meanings given in the specification, several process for their production and their use as pesticides and herbicides.

2-phenyl-substituted heterocyclic 1,3-ketonols as herbicides and pesticides

The invention concerns novel compounds of formula (I) in which: X stands for alkyl; Y stands for halogen or alkyl; Z stands for halogen or alkyl, a condition being that one of the groups Y and Z always stands for halogen and the other for alkyl; and Het stands for one of the groups (1-6) shown, in which A, B, D and G have the meanings indicated in the description. The invention also pertains to several processes for producing these compounds and the use of the compounds as pest-control agents and herbicides.

Dialkyl phenyl halide-substituted keto-enols for use as herbicides and pesticides

The invention concerns novel phenyl-substituted cyclic keto-enols of formula (I) in which Het stands for one of the groups shown in which A, B, D, G, X, Y and Z have the meanings indicated in the description. Also disclosed are several processes and intermediate products for producing these compounds and their use as pest-control agents and herbicides.

2,4,5-trisubstituted phenylketo-enols for use as pesticides and herbicides

Many natural products, such as the plant insecticides rotenone and ageratochromene (precocene), some fungitoxic phytoalexins, hashish constituents, vitamin E, and plant pigments, contain the chroman ring system as common structural unit. Some years ago we discovered a particularly simple entry to this class of heterocyclic compounds: The condensation of o-hydroxyacetophenones with aliphatic aldehydes and ketones in the presence of pyrrolidine leads to 4-chromanones in good yields. The scope of application and limitations as well as modification of this versatile synthesis are outlined; the accompanying tables give a good indication of the wealth and variety of possible substituents. The reaction of o-hydroxyacetophenone, e. g. with glyoxylic acid or with α,β-unsaturated ketones, proceeds atypically. The majority of the new chromanones can be used, inter alia, for the preparation of chromones, chromones and chromons, and for the synthesis of tricyclic and larger ring systems.

Synthesis and Reactions of 4-Chromanones

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