Background mHealth can help with healthcare service delivery for various health issues, but there's a significant gap in the availability and use of mHealth systems between sub-Saharan Africa and Europe, despite the ongoing digitalization of the global healthcare system. Objective This work aims to compare and investigate the use and availability of mHealth systems in sub-Saharan Africa and Europe, and identify gaps in current mHealth development and implementation in both regions. Methods The study adhered to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for article search and selection to ensure an unbiased comparison between sub-Saharan Africa and Europe. Four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed) were used, and articles were evaluated based on predetermined criteria. Details on the mHealth system type, goal, patient type, health concern, and development stage were collected and recorded in a Microsoft Excel worksheet. Results The search query produced 1020 articles for sub-Saharan Africa and 2477 articles for Europe. After screening for eligibility, 86 articles for sub-Saharan Africa and 297 articles for Europe were included. To minimize bias, two reviewers conducted the article screening and data retrieval. Sub-Saharan Africa used SMS and call-based mHealth methods for consultation and diagnosis, mainly for young patients such as children and mothers, and for issues such as HIV, pregnancy, childbirth, and child care. Europe relied more on apps, sensors, and wearables for monitoring, with the elderly as the most common patient group, and the most common health issues being cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Conclusion Wearable technology and external sensors are heavily used in Europe, whereas they are seldom used in sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts should be made to use the mHealth system to improve health outcomes in both regions, incorporating more cutting-edge technologies like wearables internal and external sensors. Undertaking context-based studies, identifying determinants of mHealth systems use, and considering these determinants during mHealth system design could enhance mHealth availability and utilization.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20552076231180972

mHealth in sub-Saharan Africa and Europe: A systematic review comparing the use and availability of mHealth approaches in sub-Saharan Africa and Europe

Auch im Bereich der steuerlichen Rechtsberatung fuhrt die voranschreitende digitale Transformation zu disruptiven Veranderungen. Kunstliche Intelligenz (KI) kann in diesem Zusammenhang eine entscheidende Rolle spielen, weil sie Prozessinnovationen auch in wissensintensiven und kognitiv anspruchsvollen Dienstleistungsprozessen unterstutzen kann. Obwohl es sich bei dem Bereich der juristischen Beratung um eine aktuell noch vergleichsweise wenig digitalisierte Domane handelt, werden im vorliegenden Beitrag Potentiale von KI in diesem Bereich am Beispiel einer prototypisch entwickelten Software-Anwendung beschrieben und insbesondere innovative Anwendungsszenarien im Kontext der steuerlichen Rechtsberatung illustriert. Eine Betrachtung der anstehenden Veranderungen fur die steuerjuristische Arbeit und entsprechende Wirkungen auf Arbeitsweisen und Arbeitsformen runden den vorliegenden Beitrag ab.

Digitale Transformation von Prozessen in der Rechtsberatung: Anwendungsszenarien im Steuerbereich am Beispiel des ARGUMENTUM-Systems

BACKGROUND The development of Precision Medicine strategies requires high-dimensional phenotypic and genomic data, both of which are highly privacy-sensitive data types. Conventional data management systems lack the capabilities to sufficiently handle the expected large quantities of such sensitive data in a secure manner. PROMISE is a genetic data management concept that implements a highly secure platform for data exchange while preserving patient interests, privacy, and autonomy. METHODS The concept of PROMISE to democratize genetic data was developed by an interdisciplinary team. It integrates a sophisticated cryptographic concept that allows only the patient to grant selective access to defined parts of his genetic information with single DNA base-pair resolution cryptography. The PROMISE system was developed for research purposes to evaluate the concept in a pilot study with nineteen cardiomyopathy patients undergoing genotyping, questionnaires, and longitudinal follow-up. RESULTS The safety of genetic data was very important to 79%, and patients generally regarded the data as highly sensitive. More than half the patients reported that their attitude towards the handling of genetic data has changed after using the PROMISE app for 4 months (median). The patients reported higher confidence in data security and willingness to share their data with commercial third parties, including pharmaceutical companies (increase from 5 to 32%). CONCLUSION PROMISE democratizes genomic data by a transparent, secure, and patient-centric approach. This clinical pilot study evaluating a genetic data infrastructure is unique and shows that patient's acceptance of data sharing can be increased by patient-centric decision-making.

/pdf/controlling-my-genome-with-my-smartphone-first-clinical-4p4sqf3e00.pdf

Controlling my genome with my smartphone: first clinical experiences of the PROMISE system

Der Autor gibt einen Uberblick uber die wesentlichen Bereiche der Argumentationsforschung und uber Computersysteme, die die Argumentation in Gruppen unterstutzen. Die Erkenntnisse fliesen in ein neues System zur Forderung von herrschaftsfreier Argumentation, Verhandlung und Problemlosung in Gruppen.

Computerunterstützung der Argumentation in Gruppen

The European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which governs the processing of personal data in all EU Member States, contains an exemption for “purely personal or household activities”. Whether this so-called household exemption covers the setup of an online communication forum, particularly on a social media or chat platform, is a question of the individual case. We present a case-based reasoning approach to automatically assessing a scenario provided by the user and generating a tailored legal recommendation.

/pdf/inwend-using-cbr-to-automate-legal-assessment-in-the-context-2jeyzr7k5u.pdf

INWEND: Using CBR to Automate Legal Assessment in the Context of the EU General Data Protection Regulation.

Die Entwicklung uberzeugender Argumentation ist – ebenso wie die Analyse gegebener Argumentationsstrukturen – eine wichtige Aufgabe sowohl in der Rechtswissenschaft als auch in der juristischen Praxis Beide Aufgaben gestalten sich intellektuell anspruchsvoll und sollten sich auf moglichst viele relevante Hintergrundinformationen stutzen Einer standig wachsenden Anzahl verfugbarer Informationsquellen steht dabei die beschrankte menschliche Informationsverarbeitungskapazitat gegenuber Um diesen Problemen zu begegnen, wird im Rahmen des vom BMBF geforderten Konsortialprojektes ARGUMENTUM ein Software-Werkzeug entwickelt, das eine automatische Identifikation und Analyse von Argumentationsstrukturen in den elektronisch verfugbaren Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts unterstutzen soll Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Konzept, Architektur und Implementierung des ARGUMENTUM-Werkzeuges prasentiert und Einblicke in mogliche Anwendungen gegeben

Konzeption und Implementierung eines Werkzeuges zur automatisierten Identifikation und Analyse von Argumentationsstrukturen anhand der Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts im Digital-Humanities-Projekt ARGUMENTUM

PROMISE (Personal Medical Safe) was a German research project which aimed to provide the responsibility of genomic data to the patient via a mobile app The patient should accept or decline study requests to use his/her genomic data via the app In the evaluation of the app the experiences with mobile health as well as the opinion on being the genomic data manager were measured Furthermore, the test patients were asked about their opinion and their concerns on the PROMISE app Most of the 19 test patients were aware of the high sensibility of genomic data and thought that the PROMISE app was a suitable solution The largest part found it good that they were the responsible data owner However, several participants also found it important to have a permanent contact person when it comes to questions on inquiries or the app

The Patient as Genomic Data Manager – Evaluation of the PROMISE App

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Konzeption und Implementierung eines Werkzeuges zur automatisierten Identifikation und Analyse von Argumentationsstrukturen anhand der Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts im Digital-Humanities-Projekt ARGUMENTUM

Controlling my genome with my smartphone: first clinical experiences of the PROMISE system

The Patient as Genomic Data Manager – Evaluation of the PROMISE App