Lanthanide-based luminescent hybrid materials.

Interpretation of europium(III) spectra

Interest in lanthanide-containing organic-inorganic hybrids has grown considerably during the last decade, with the concomitant fabrication of materials with tunable attributes offering modulated properties. The potential of these materials relies on exploiting the synergy between the intrinsic characteristics of sol-gel derived hosts (highly controlled purity, versatile shaping and patterning, excellent optical quality, easy control of the refractive index, photosensitivity, encapsulation of large amounts of isolated emitting centers protected by the host) and the luminescence features of trivalent lanthanide ions (high luminescence quantum yield, narrow bandwidth, long-lived emission, large Stokes shifts, ligand-dependent luminescence sensitization). Promising applications may be envisaged, such as light-emitting devices, active waveguides in the visible and near-IR spectral regions, active coatings, and bio-medical actuators and sensors, opening up exciting directions in materials science and related technologies with significant implications in the integration, miniaturization, and multifunctionalization of devices. This review provides an overview of the latest advances in Ln(3+)-containing siloxane-based hybrids, with emphasis on the different possible synthetic strategies, photoluminescence features, empirical determination.

Lanthanide-Containing Light-Emitting Organic-Inorganic Hybrids: A Bet on the Future

A great deal of research has been carried out on lanthanide organic complex-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials in the last decade. This critical review begins with a formulation of the fundamentals of lanthanide organic complex luminescence, and presents various current designed ideas, synthetic routes, luminescence behaviors and potentials of the latest advanced (a) sol-gel materials, (b) mesoporous materials, (c) titania materials, (d) ionic liquids and ionogels, (e) polymers, and (f) bifunctional magnetic-optical composites based on lanthanide organic complexes. Finally, challenges and opportunities for further improvement of organic-inorganic hybrid luminescent materials based on lanthanide organic complexes will be discussed.

Hybrid materials based on lanthanide organic complexes: a review

Research into lanthanide-doped organic–inorganic hybrid materials emerged in the 1990s with the development of interesting materials for optics: high efficiency and stable solid-state lasers, new fiber amplifiers and sensors, devices with upconversion, fast photochromic and non-linear responses, etc. Their interest relies on the possibility of combining properties of sol–gel host materials (shaping, tunable refractive index and mechanical properties, corrosion protection, specific adhesion, etc.) and the well-known luminescence of lanthanide ions (Ln). The fast development of photonic hybrids allowed the commercial exploitation of products with new or enhanced characteristics (megajoule pulsed Nd-YAG laser, protective coatings of glasses, screens or glasswares). However, recently, Ln-hybrid nanocomposites have found new applications in bio-sensors, bio-analytics and even clinical imaging diagnostics. These applications make use of the fluorescence properties of lanthanides that make luminescent hybrids ideal candidates for time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays, DNA hybridation assays, fluorescence imaging microscopy, or in vivo imaging. As a consequence, the goal of this review is twofold: (i) as a reminder of some general considerations that must be taken into account to design new optically active Ln-doped nanocomposites whatever the application field, and (ii) to show the most important advances achieved in the past years in different areas, paying special attention to bio-medical applications.

/pdf/photonic-and-nanobiophotonic-properties-of-luminescent-1eohzum702.pdf

Photonic and nanobiophotonic properties of luminescent lanthanide-doped hybrid organic–inorganic materials

A homogeneous distribution of luminescent lanthanide(III) 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate complexes (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) in an organic−inorganic hybrid material was obtained by grafting the complexes to the solid matrix via 2-substituted imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline moieties. Thin films of the silica hybrid material were prepared by the sol−gel method and by spin-coating of the gelating solution on glass slides or on oxidized silicon wafers. The thickness of the thin films was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). High-resolution luminescence spectra of the lanthanide complexes were recorded, and the luminescence decay times were measured. The luminescence quantum yields of europium(III)-doped thin films exposed to different drying conditions were determined by using an integrating sphere.

Thin Films of Highly Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes Covalently Linked to an Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Material via 2-Substituted Imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline Groups

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Thin Films of Highly Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes Covalently Linked to an Organic−Inorganic Hybrid Material via 2-Substituted Imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline Groups