Background and Objectives
It is recognized that orthodontic force (OF) has an aggravating effect on the progression of destructive periodontitis if periodontitis have not been well controlled. However, the underlying mechanism is not completely clear. This study was to investigate the effect of antibiotic administration on OF-aggravated, ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in mice.

Material and Methods
C57BL/6 mice (male, 8 wk old) were divided into three groups (n = 8). Silk ligatures (SL) were tied around the maxillary right (group 1) or both (groups 2 and 3) first molars on day 0, removed on day 8 and systemic antibiotics was administered through drinking water (group 3) since day 8. OF was applied on the maxillary right first molars since day 13 (groups 2 and 3). All mice were killed on day 20.

Results
Total oral bacteria load was significantly higher in group 2 when compared to group 1 on day 20, whereas such count was greatly reduced in group 3 when antibiotics were administered. Periodontal bone loss was significantly increased on SL side vs. control side in group 1. Periodontal bone loss was significantly increased on OF + SL side vs. SL side in group 2 (p < 0.05) but not in group 3 when systemic antibiotics were administered. Gingival mRNA and protein expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand/osteoprotegerin were significantly increased on OF + SL side vs. SL side in group 2 (p < 0.01) but not in group 3. However, comparable levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cell formation within periodontal space and tooth movement were observed on OF + SL side in groups 2 and 3.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that reduction of oral bacterial load by antibiotic administration alleviate orthodontic force-aggravated periodontitis bone loss.

Antibiotic administration alleviates the aggravating effect of orthodontic force on ligature-induced experimental periodontitis bone loss in mice.

Context: The term oral malodor is used to describe a foul or offensive odor emanating from oral cavity. Dentist is the first professional whom individuals turn up for help. Gram-negative anerobic pathogens implicated in periodontal disease have also been linked to oral malodor. A semi-conductor, hand-held gas sensor with 6 levels of display, brand name FITSCAN® Breath Checker (Tanita Corporation, USA) used to detect oral malodor. Antibiotics are now being tried and used to treat oral malodor and periodontal disease. Aims: To evaluate the association between malodor and periodontal status of patients before and after antibiotic rinse. Materials and Methods: Systemically healthy subjects were divided into three groups - control group, gingivitis group, periodontitis group. Measurement of oral malodor was done by FITSCAN® Breath Checker. Antibiotic rinse preparation containing metronidazole was given to patients. An association between oral malodor and periodontal disease status of patients was determined. Statistical analysis used: For intragroup analysis paired t test and for intergroup analysis of halitosis and gingival index Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were applied. Results: Intragroup - Statistical significant decrease in halitosis, Gingival Index (GI) at baseline and 14 days in persons with gingivitis and periodontitis group, no statistical significant decrease in pocket depth before and after antibiotic rinse. Intergroup - Statistical significant decrease in Gingival Index status at baseline and 14 days in both gingivitis andperiodontitisgroups. Conclusion: Strong correlation exists between malodor and periodontal status and antibiotic rinse is effective in reducing oral malodor.

The association of periodontal disease with oral malodor before and after antibiotic rinse using FITSCAN® breath checker: A clinical study

Systemic Antibiotic Therapy in Periodontics – review of literature

Halitosis refers to bad breath is induced by volatile molecules due to pathological or non-pathological factors, prevalent in all ages. It can originate from either oral or non-oral sources. However, dental hygiene, periodontal disease, impacted food, tongue coat, and caries are among the oral-related sources, accounting for 90% of cases of halitosis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between halitosis and caries among pediatric patients. This cross-sectional descriptive study documented clinical data from 45 pediatric patients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). The selected patients were evaluated with the Specific Caries Index (SCI) to detect the caries involvement. A halimeter was used to evaluate halitosis. According to halimeter, the mean value of halitosis in relation to sex was 169.58 ppb, while participants with very strong halitosis were observed in 12.5% of males and 33.3% of females. Patients over the age of 13 manifested extreme halitosis than other selected age groups. The result demonstrated that halitosis increased significantly with a higher score of the caries index. Hence, this study indicated an association between halitosis and the caries index in pediatric patients, highlighting the need for more research to assess its applicability in broader and diverse groups
BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 62-66

Association of halitosis with dental caries in pediatric patients in a tertiary level hospital

Introduction: Management of periodontitis related oral malodor may include simple measures such as scaling and root planning (SRP) and oral hygiene instructions. Aim: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the effect of non-surgical management of periodontitis on controlling halitosis (oral malodor) measured by Halimeter. Methodology: Clinical data were recorded from 60 participants who were grouped as periodontitis (case), non-surgically treated periodontitis and healthy (control). Volatile sulfur compounds were measured in parts per billion (ppb) as a caliber for halitosis for each group using a Halimeter. Data were statistically analyzed utilizing the Chi-square distribution test (P<0.05). Results: In the average, case group showed strong halitosis 230.00±54.29 ppb that was reduced to weak halitosis 124.25±26.43 ppb following non-surgical (SRP) management of chronic periodontitis, with the deeper pockets, increased halitosis was measured as mean halitosis of periodontitis and treated cases 188.90±14.22 ppb and 114.70±20.75 ppb, 240.25±58.08 ppb and 128.25±39.31 ppb and 294.33±19.64 ppb and 137.50±23.36 ppb, respectively, in 5-6, 6.1-7 and 7.1-8 mm groups respectively. Conclusion: Based on study results, halitosis is directly related to periodontitis and periodontal pocket depth among the adults, which can be successfully controlled by SRP.

/pdf/non-surgical-management-of-periodontitis-related-halitosis-52tximqk1h.pdf

Non surgical management of periodontitis related halitosis among adults

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an antibiotic rinse preparation, containing metronidazole and nystatin, in decreasing oral malodor and periodontal disease for individuals whose chief complaint was halitosis. This topical approach to oral biofilm control, by proactively managing the most pathogenic bacteria, differs from the traditional approach of reactively treating the symptoms by attempting to reduce all oral bacteria. The late Dr. Loesche, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, had previously described these different paradigms as the specific plaque hypothesis and the non-specific plaque hypothesis, respectively. Patients in this study were measured before and after treatment for volatile sulphur compounds using a portable sulphide monitor, a digital gas chromatograph, and organoleptic assessment. The presence of periodontal disease was determined by 6-point periodontal probing, to assess pocket depth and bleeding points. Of the 1000 patient charts sent electronically to the University of Michigan for analysis, 649 participants were selected based on complete pre- and post-treatment data, and statistically analyzed by a statistician, who was an expert in case study analysis. The post-treatment reduction of oral malodor was 80% (P = 0.0001). The difference in bleeding points pre- and post-treatment was 87% (P = 0.0001). There was a decrease in the number of teeth with 6 and 7 mm pockets by 76% and teeth with 5 mm pockets decreased by 84% (P = 0.0001). Treatment with the antibiotic rinse had a positive change in the periodontal status and breath odor of these patients. These data indicate that there is considerable advantage to the use of topical antibiotic rinses. A substantial decrease in both halitosis and periodontal disease markers can be achieved without the risk of the systemic effects of an oral antibiotic.

Treatment of oral malodor and periodontal disease using an antibiotic rinse.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Anne Bosy

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Treatment of oral malodor and periodontal disease using an antibiotic rinse.