Anna V. Fisher

TL;DR: Kloos et al. as discussed by the authors found that children between 4 and 5 years of age participated in two types of tasks: categorization and induction, with participants readily classified items based on category membership, but they ignored category membership during induction and instead based their responses on the appearance of items.

TL;DR: For instance, Sloutsky et al. as discussed by the authors have shown that infants and very young children perform induction by detecting multiple correspondences, or similarities, among presented entities (e.g., "new" pictures that belong to the same category as "old" pictures), and this differential processing underlying children's and adults' induction results in different memory traces, and affects accuracy on a subsequent memory test.

TL;DR: Direct evidence is provided that repeated experience with a biological domain in an ecologically-valid setting changed children’s category representations, with increased differentiation of items within that domain and relative to a second domain.