State-Trait Anxiety Inventoryによるペインクリニック外来患者の不安の評価

J. KEVIN THOMPSON, LESLIE J. HEINBERG, MADELINE ALTABE, AND STACEY TANTELEFF-DUNN: Exacting Beauty: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment of Body Image Disturbance. American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C., 1998, 396 pp., $39.95, ISBN 1-55798-541-3. The goal of this book-the third on body image that was either authored or edited by J. Kevin Thompson-is "to attempt to integrate theory, assessment, and treatment for the field of body image; to provide a guide for researchers and clinicians interested in the field of body image disturbance and to bridge research and practice." After reading this text, the clinician would hope to come away with a clear sense of the etiology of body-image disturbances and then to be able to identify the best clinical treatment that would match patient diagnostic presentation. Although the research material is well handled, the treatment aspect is somewhat incomplete. The authors present a good overall view of the origin of body image and body-image disturbance, and an excellent historical review of research in the field of eating disorders, i.e., anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, as well as bingeeating disorder and obesity. The book also addresses the complexity of defining, measuring, and creating theoretical models while exploring the social and cultural aspects of body image and the public media emphasis on thinness. And it outlines the current thinking about making a differential diagnosis of body-dysmorphic disorder, often a difficult matter. Some important work in body-dysmorphic disorder is missing, however, such as that of Eric Hollander, M.D. The book's forte is presenting the reader with a strong array of models for measurements and assessment and different testing methodologies, as well as including helpful tables, appendices, and references. The 11 chapters are divided into five parts: 1. An Overview: Prevalence, Diversity, Assessment, and Treatment; 2. Societal and Social Approaches; 3. Interpersonal Approaches; 4. Feminist Approaches; and 5. Behavioral, Cognitive, and Integrative Approaches. The term "approaches" is somewhat misleading because it infers presentation of several different treatment methodologies that the book only partially delivers. The authors conclude that the cognitive-behavioral modality of treatment, supported by "empirical findings," has been the most successful in the treatment of body image thus far, and they are not nearly as exhaustive in covering other treatment modalities, such as the feminist perspective. …

Exacting Beauty: Theory, Assessment, and Treatment of Body Image Disturbance

Toward a definition of intolerance of uncertainty: A review of factor analytical studies of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale

Intolerance of uncertainty as a vulnerability factor for excessive and inflexible avoidance behavior

Intolerance of Uncertainty is a trans-diagnostic process that spans a range of emotional disorders and it is usually measured through the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12. The current study aims at investigating some issues in the assessment of Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) through the Italian Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised, a measure adapted from the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 to assess IU across the lifespan. In particular we address the factor structure among a large community sample, measurement invariance across gender, age, and over time, together with reliability and validity of the overall scale and its subscales. The questionnaire was administered to community (N = 761; mean age = 35.86 ± 14.01 years) and undergraduate (N = 163; mean age = 21.16 ± 2.64 years) participants, together with other self-report measures assessing constructs theoretically related to IU. The application of a bifactor model shows that the Italian Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised possesses a robust general factor, thus supporting the use of the unit-weighted total score of the questionnaire as a measure of the construct. Furthermore, measurement invariance across gender, age, and over time is supported. Finally, the Italian Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised appears to possess adequate reliability and validity. These findings support the unidimensionality of the measure, a conceptually reasonable result in line with the trans-diagnostic nature of Intolerance of Uncertainty. In addition, this study and comparison with published factor structures of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 and of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised identify some issues for the internal structure of the measure. In particular, concern is expressed for the Prospective IU subscale. In light of the promising psychometric properties, the use of the Italian Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised as a univocal measure is encouraged in both research and clinical practice.

/pdf/seeking-certainty-about-intolerance-of-uncertainty-11s4z2tlie.pdf

Seeking certainty about Intolerance of Uncertainty: Addressing old and new issues through the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Revised

En este trabajo se presenta la adaptacion espanola de la Escala de Intolerancia hacia la Incertidumbre, una variable de vulnerabilidad cognitiva relacionada con la etiologia y el mantenimiento de la preocupacion excesiva e incontrolable caracteristica de las personas con trastorno de ansiedad generalizada. A una muestra de 997 personas se les administro dicha escala, conjuntamente con otros cuestionarios. Tanto el analisis factorial exploratorio como el confirmatorio determinan la retencion de dos factores relacionados. La fiabilidad de ambos factores, entendida como consistencia interna de la escala, fue excelente, asi como la fiabilidad tests-retest en un intervalo temporal de cinco semanas. La validacion convergente, divergente y discriminante con medidas de depresion, ansiedad-panico y rasgo de preocupacion fue adecuada, asi como la validez de criterio. Se discute el papel de la intolerancia hacia la incertidumbre sobre la preocupacion y las metacogniciones de esta ultima.

/pdf/adaptacion-espanola-de-la-escala-de-intolerancia-hacia-la-2qp4yjb9ec.pdf

Adaptación española de la Escala de Intolerancia hacia la Incertidumbre: procesos cognitivos, ansiedad y depresión

This paper introduces the validation of the Spanish adaptation of the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI) by Wegner and Zanakos (1994). A sample of 833 people from the general population completed the WBSI along with other questionnaires. The exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor solution accounting for 51.8% of the cumulative variance. This structure is comprised of the two following factors: unwanted intrusive thoughts (α = .87, r = .70) and actions of distraction and suppression of thoughts (α = .80, r = .60). Both internal consistency reliability (α = .89) and test-retest reliability (r = .71) showed adequate homogeneity, sound consistency, and stability over time. The results are discussed bearing in mind both isolated factors and the possible relationships of the suppression factor with automatic negative thoughts and insomnia.

/pdf/structural-validity-and-reliability-of-the-spanish-version-53o5qivzpa.pdf

Structural validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI) in a sample of the general Spanish population.

En este articulo se presenta un estudio de contrastacion del modelo elaborado por Michael Dugas para la prediccion del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG) y su posible relacion con otros trastornos. Para ello, se evaluo por medio de un diseno correlacional a una muestra de 300 personas en las variables de TAG  y depresion, asi como en las variables de proceso, predictoras del TAG: intolerancia hacia la incertidumbre, creencias sobre la preocupacion, orientacion pobre al problema y evitacion cognitiva. Los resultados muestran un apoyo al modelo de Dugas al mostrar como las variables de proceso predicen de manera significativa las puntuaciones en una prueba que evalua el TAG. Asimismo, las variables de proceso tambien participan en la prediccion de las puntuaciones en una escala de depresion. En ese sentido, los resultados se discuten apoyando el modelo de procesos para el TAG, pero se cuestiona que esas variables solo esten relacionadas con dicho trastorno.

La predicción del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada en función de variables de proceso

Perfeccionismo e intolerancia a la incertidumbre: relaciones con variables psicopatológicas

La imagen del psicólogo en estudiantes de Psicología y en el público en general

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