Abstract The harsh operating conditions of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water electrolysis severely degrade the activity and stability of the electrocatalysts due to elemental leaching or particle agglomeration. Therefore, it is crucial to incorporate support materials that effectively immobilize catalyst particles for developing efficient OER catalysts. This review aims to highlight the role of MXene as a support material to improve the performance of OER catalysts. First, the extended OER mechanism is briefly described in terms of the effect of MXene support on OER catalysts. Then, various synthesis methods of MXene and catalyst‐MXene compounds are introduced, and important properties of MXene that are beneficial to improve OER performances are discussed. The electrocatalytic results of the enhanced OER catalysts due to the effective MXene support are also summarized. Finally, future challenges and prospects are proposed for utilizing MXene as an excellent support material for various electrocatalysis. 

A Review on MXene as Promising Support Materials for Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts

Probing the effect of ionomer swelling on the stability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Using a highly ion conductive, chemically stable, mechanically robust, reinforced anion exchange membrane (AEM) of nominal thickness 85 μm, we report an AEM water electrolyzer operating for longer than one year at 70 °C with 1 M KOH electrolyte, with H2 crossover below industrial limits. The minimal degradation observed is due to the membrane-electrode-assembly and not due to the membrane, which exhibits negligible change in its ionic conductivity after >1 yr operation. A minimal hydrogen crossover from cathode to anode of <0.4% was also measured for a second cell running for 5000 h (>7 months). This study shows that future research towards zero gap alkaline water electrolyzers should be directed to the development of active and stable catalysts and the formation and integration of stable catalyst layers tailored to AEM water electrolyzers. 

One year operation of an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer utilizing Aemion+® membrane: Minimal degradation, low H2 crossover and high efficiency

/pdf/stability-and-decomposition-pathways-of-the-niooh-oer-active-ju68xc10.pdf

Stability and decomposition pathways of the NiOOH OER active phase of NiOx electrocatalysts at open circuit potential traced by ex-situ and in-situ spectroscopies

Nowadays, energy conversion and storage technologies are essential research topics due to the necessity of more sustainable processes. Specifically, water splitting is highly affected by slow kinetics and limited knowledge of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This work envisages the preparation of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) electrocatalysts for efficient OER by a facile one-pot method. The impact of the preparation temperature (450–650 °C) of g-C3N4 was assessed for the first time on water splitting processes and explained by different characterisation techniques. The unique crystal structure, surface chemistry, and electronic properties of the material prepared at 550 °C lead to a remarkable OER efficiency, with an overpotential of 355 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 46.8 mV dec−1. Interestingly, three major differences were observed when comparing the material prepared at 550 °C with those obtained at other temperatures: the reduced structural distortion, the superior composition in oxygen and the presence of terminal functional groups. Also, compared to other metal-free g-C3N4 electrocatalysts reported in the literature, we achieved lower Tafel slope values without additional post-treatments or co-catalysts. Hence, for the first time a metal-free catalyst defeats benchmark IrO2. The prepared electrodes were stable for up to 45 h, even when increasing the applied current density to 100 mA cm−2 for 15 h. Thus, this work provides a simple route for the fabrication of highly-efficient and long-lasting electrocatalysts for a remarkable OER performance. 

Tuning graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER)

Mechanistic understanding of pH effects on the oxygen evolution reaction

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Mechanistic understanding of pH effects on the oxygen evolution reaction