Government policy in England has for many years encouraged parental involvement in their children's education. In response, most primary schools have developed a range of strategies designed to assist parents in supporting their children's learning at home, particularly in learning to read. However, it is a common assumption that parents from some social and ethnic groups are "harder to reach" than others and - indeed - that some are even not interested in their children's education. There is also confusion among teachers about how a parent who herself does not speak English could possibly help her child to learn to read and write in English. These views, it can be argued, are based on simplistic notions of the roles that parents can take, and on a "one-way" model of involvement, which invests all the knowledge and skills with the school. In this article, using evidence from a small-scale, qualitative research project with parents of South Asian heritage in a multilingual city in the north of England, we show the complexity of the issues involved in recognising the diversity of ways in which families do and can support children's learning out of school, the importance of understanding the family contexts themselves, and the ways in which parents construct their identities in relation to their children's school experiences.

/pdf/diversity-in-family-involvement-in-children-s-learning-in-49l77ikb74.pdf

Diversity in Family Involvement in Children's Learning in English Primary Schools: Culture, Language and Identity.

The rapidly escalating patient acuity level in today's acute care hospitals demands greater specialization and more advanced clinical nursing skills. Professional nursing journals are an excellent source of continuing education and practical clinical update. We designed a descriptive study to determine registered nurses' use of current nursing periodicals. A 26-item questionnaire was used. Respondents were 507 full-time RNs employed in two metropolitan hospitals. Ninety-three percent of the RNs felt that information in journals helps them in their practice, and 68% subscribed to professional nursing journals. Eighty-eight percent agreed they needed to read journals in order to keep up. Articles of clinical interest were the most widely read sections, and the most frequent reason given for not reading was lack of time.

Journal reading habits of registered nurses.

ABSTRACT CAREFUL AND COMPLETE OBSERVATION OF THE PATIENT;” NURSES AND THE SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM OF MEDICAL RESEARCH, 1930-1962 Amanda L. Mahoney, MS, RN Julie A. Fairman, PhD, RN, FAAN This study addresses the history of nurses working in medical research between 1930 and 1962, a time of tremendous growth in the use of experimentation to further clinical knowledge. Nurses were part of an intricate network of people, machines, knowledge and space—a socio-technical system—that made the clinical discoveries of the mid-20th century possible. Nurses were heavily involved in the day to day practices of medical research, thus this dissertation employs a microhistory approach, focusing on individual research projects conducted at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Archival sources related to clinical trials and nursing at HUP were examined as well as the historical records of funding agencies. Nurses performed important, skilled tasks including data collection and complex patient care. The requirements of research studies as well as the new technologies associated with clinical trials required nurses to develop methods and systems to accommodate an increased work load, collect data, and implement new treatments and techniques. This knowledge work was performed in the busy, understaffed world of the mid-20th century hospital. Nurses provided close observation and careful control of the patient, making metabolic research in particular feasible within hospitals. Nurses maintained the cooperation of research patients, a critical aspect to studies involving special diets. Within the hospital, nurses created a “zone of control” around the bedside of research patients, implementing research protocols, closely observing patients and gaining their compliance or cooperation. Using the work of bedside nurses as a historical lens reveals much about the world of medical research and the many factors that contributed to the growth and acceptance of experimentation as a normal part of clinical medicine. Marginalized actors have the agency and power to influence the success or failure of medical research even if they are denied official power. Nursing may hold the solutions to many of the challenges researchers face today. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Nursing First Advisor Julie A. Fairman This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1873

/pdf/careful-and-complete-observation-of-the-patient-nurses-and-4hpobvtuhn.pdf

"Careful and Complete Observation of the Patient:" Nurses and the Sociotechnical System of Medical Research, 1930-1962

BACKGROUND Reading is one means of achieving professional lifelong learning, and while nursing as a profession has an abundance of literary resources, the amount of time nurses actually spend reading is unknown. Previous studies found nurses who had graduate degrees, were in leadership positions, and held multiple memberships in professional nursing organizations reported increased reading time. This study examined the amount of time RN students entering graduate school and graduate school alumni spend reading as well as their primary purpose (interest, application, and commitment) for the reading. METHOD A descriptive/exploratory survey research design was used. The Reading Activity Inventory Tool was administered to new graduate (entry) students (n = 47) during orientation to their graduate program and graduate alumni (n = 99) who were 1, 2, and 3 years postcompletion of their masters degrees. Participants were recruited from four Texas nursing schools. FINDINGS The average weekly time participants reported reading professional literature was 10 hours and 50 minutes for the entry group and 6 hours for the alumni group. As to the purpose (interest, application, and commitment) of reading the nursing literature, there was no significant difference on total interest or total application among the four cohorts (entry students and 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-year alumni). Entry students had a higher total commitment to reading than alumni nurses. CONCLUSION While entry students spent more time reading in this study, the alumni with advanced degrees seemed invested in the profession with significantly more journal subscriptions, increased memberships in nursing organizations, and consistent reading activities. Strategies to encourage all nurses to read for lifelong learning need to be explored.

The impact of graduate education on reading for lifelong learning.

Nurses have been involved in the management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) well before the era of Florence Nightingale. Their role has varied from that of the technician, almoner, counsellor, and doctor's assistant, to one in which they are able to provide first line management of STIs in nurse led clinics. However, changes to the role of the nurse have not been entirely through choice. It appears that nurses have often been called upon in times of crisis and need-their role often evolving only through demand for services and personnel. Barriers to developing the role of the nurse continue to exist as we move into the 21st century. From Lock hospitals to specialised genitourinary medicine clinics, this historical review looks at how the role of the nurse has evolved over the past 150 years and suggests how past lessons can help enhance the contribution nurses will make to the future of STI management and control.

https://sti.bmj.com/content/sextrans/78/4/292.full.pdf

The historical role and education of nurses for the care and management of sexually transmitted infections in the United Kingdom: 1 role.

Reading Maketh a Full Nurse

Nursing by Religious Orders in the United States: Part III—1871-1928

Building a Library

“The Lord giveth the Word: The women that publish the tidings are a great lost.”

Nursing by Religious Orders in the United States: Part IV—Lutheran Deaconesses, 1849–1928

Handbook on Venereal Diseases for Nurses and Others Engaged in the Routine Treatment of These Diseases

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