Parties and Party Systems

into his book. The two introductory chapters on the Chicano Movement cite only a handful of works published after the mid-1970s. Likewise, an examination of the endnotes for the substantive chapters reveals that little additional research was added to the original study. The dated literature, lack of theoretical structure, and close attention paid to obscure partisan conflicts mark this as a book that did not reach its full potential. This lack of scholarly rigor is all the more frustrating because Navarro's data are often richly suggestive. For example, it is clear that his case study of MAYO could have informed the debate over the relative salience of race, class, and culture in American politics. MAYO was promoting a quintessential Chicano Movement agenda, one that contained elements of socialism, cultural nationalism, and racial separatism. The group also received support from a large number of poor Mexican-Americans, secured concessions from school boards and local governments, and eventually formed an independent third party that overthrew Anglo-dominated political regimes in several south Texas counties. Navarro attributes these accomplishments to the power of racial and cultural solidarity but offers no systematic analysis to support this contention. His own research documents significant opposition to MAYO from Mexican-American elected officials and community leaders, a clash over political and economic values that other studies suggest can compromise ethnic group unity.

Narrative Policy Analysis: Theory and Practice. By Roe Emery. Durham: Duke University Press, 1994. 199p. $39.95 cloth, $15.95 paper.

We are a network of practitioners and academics who work on peace and security issues in the Pacific and Southeast Asia, and in Australia itself. We represent the following organisations and institutions: AbSolve, Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, Conciliation Resources, Dialogue Australia, Initiative for Peacebuilding at the University of Melbourne, Interpeace, PaCSIA and Peacifica, with decades of experience of observing, analysing, designing activities and working with communities and governments to transform conflict systems and work towards sustainable peace and security. (detailed list of supporters at the Annex)

Australian

Elite interviews provide valuable information from perspectives of power and privilege. However, the information elites provide may be biased or inaccurate, and researchers must be knowledgeable ab...

The use of triangulation in qualitative studies employing elite interviews

Man-made disasters

Democracy within Parties: Candidate Selection Methods and their Political Consequences

Membership of political parties is diverse. Not everyone participates and those who do, do not participate in the same way. This book engages with the debate over the significance and future of political parties as membership organisations and presents the first broad comparative analysis of party membership and activism. It is based on membership surveys which have been administered, gathered and collated by a group of prominent party scholars from across Europe, Canada and Israel. Utilizing this rich data source together with the insights of party scholars, the book investigates what party membership means in advanced industrial democracies. In doing so, it provides a clearer picture of who joins political parties, why they do it, the character of their political activism, how they engage with their parties, and what opinions they hold. This text will be of interest to scholars and students of comparative politics, particularly to those interested in representation, participation, political parties and elections.

/pdf/party-members-and-activists-4gsp5gre4i.pdf

Party members and activists

This article introduces the first findings of the Political Party Database (PPDB) project, a major survey of party organizations in parliamentary and semi-presidential democracies. The project’s first round of data covers 122
parties in 19 countries. In this paper we describe the scope of the database, then investigate what it tells us about contemporary party organization in these countries, focussing on parties’ resources, structures and internal decision-making. We examine organizational patterns by
country and party family, and where possible we make temporal comparisons with older datasets. Our analyses suggest a remarkable coexistence of uniformity and diversity. In terms of the major organizational resources on which parties can draw, such as members, staff and finance, the new evidence largely confirms the continuation of trends identified in previous research: i.e., declining membership, but enhanced financial resources and more paid staff. We also find remarkable uniformity regarding the core architecture of party organizations. At the same time, however, we find substantial variation between countries and
party families in terms of their internal processes, with particular regard to how internally democratic they are, and in the forms that this democratization takes.

/pdf/party-rules-party-resources-and-the-politics-of-1xc564kipq.pdf

Party rules, party resources and the politics of parliamentary democracies How parties organize in the 21st century

While the collapse of party membership in the last half-century has consumed much of the focus of party scholarship, the notion of membership itself is surprisingly under-theorised. This article presents a tripartite framework for understanding party membership as a constructed concept: from the perspective of the state, the individual and the political party. As organisational mediators and strategic electoral actors, political parties construct varying notions of membership in order to mobilise resources and gain legitimacy, while balancing the participatory demands of citizens with the legal and normative expectations imposed by the state. Using a number of illustrative examples from Europe and beyond, the article analyses the development of supporters' networks and the extension of participatory opportunities to non-members. Designed in part to address this membership decline and to offer individuals a different way of engaging with political parties, these initiatives are seen as a crucial step in the evolution of modern parties towards looser, more individualised and amorphous networks of affiliation.

The construction of party membership

Party Reform: The Causes, Challenges, and Consequences of Organizational Change

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