Soil Chemical Analysis

Use of Microbes for the Alleviation of Soil Stresses : Volume 2: Alleviation of Soil Stress by PGPR and Mycorrhizal Fungi

Grasslands represent an essential part of terrestrial ecosystems. In particular, coastal grasslands are dominated by the influence of environmental factors resulting from sea–land interaction. Therefore, coastal grasslands are extremely heterogeneous both spatially and temporally. In this review, recent knowledge in the field of biotic interactions in coastal grassland soil is summarized. A detailed analysis of arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis, rhizobial symbiosis, plant–parasitic plant interactions, and plant–plant interactions is performed. The role of particular biotic interactions in the functioning of a coastal grassland ecosystem is characterized. Special emphasis is placed on future directions and development of practical applications for sustainable agriculture and environmental restoration. It is concluded that plant biotic interactions in soil are omnipresent and important constituents in different ecosystem services provided by coastal grasslands.

/pdf/disentangling-the-belowground-web-of-biotic-interactions-in-2kz2f64i.pdf

Disentangling the Belowground Web of Biotic Interactions in Temperate Coastal Grasslands: From Fundamental Knowledge to Novel Applications

Mungbean is an important crop species cultivated in Southeast Asia and middle east regions where expanded salinity is a central point restricting plant development and yield profitability. In the p...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization increases yield of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) at moderate level of salinity

Role and genetic diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in improving the productivity and enhancing nutrients absorption in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes

A pot experiment was carried out in the nethouse of Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2014-2015 through 2015-2016. The design of the experiment was factorial randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the potential of Arbuscular mycorrhization (AM) on the germination, nodulation and sporulation of lentil treated with different concentration of NaCl. Five NaCl treatments (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%) possessed NaCl level as the first factor that were treated with soils before sowing of lentil seeds pivotal pulse crop in Bangladesh. The second factor consists of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal treatments. Mycorrhizal plants showed better performance in terms of germination (%), nodule number, nodule weight, spore population/100 g soil and root colonization (%) than non-mycorrhizal plants. With increasing NaCl concentration, germination (%), nodule number, nodule weight, spore population/100 g soil and root colonization (%) in the rhizosphere soil, decreased significantly (p<0.01). The highest germination (96.25% in 2014-2015 and 92.50% in 2015-2016), nodule number plant-1 (28.67 in 2014-2015 and 24.34 in 2015-2016), and root colonization (30% in 2014-2015 and 43.34% in 2015-2016) was found in 0% NaCl + AM treatment. The lowest germination%, nodule number plant-1 and root colonization% was found in 4% NaCl treatment. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased germination on an average by 9.68% during 2014-2015 and 11.07% during 2015-2016, and increased root colonization on an average by 40.47% during 2014-2015 and 25.14% during 2015-2016 over non-mycorrhizal inoculation. The study clearly indicates that mycorrhizal inoculation could reduce the harmful effects of NaCl toxicity to the host plants, thus increase plant survival allowing the plants growth under extreme condition. Increased overall absorption capacity, absorption surface area and longevity of absorbing roots elevated NaCl concentration in soils resulting detoxify the environment for plant growth. 
Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 34 Number 2 December 2017, pp 73-81

/pdf/effect-of-arbuscular-mycorrhizal-fungi-on-germination-1uqq795auf.pdf

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Germination, Nodulation and Sporulation of Lentil (Lens culinaris) at Different NaCl Levels

A pot experiment was carried out in the nethouse of Soil Science Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur in 2017 and 2018 with an objective to evaluate the potentiality of AM fungi, Rhizobium and P in different best combinations on germination (%), growth, yield and yield contributing characters, nodulation, sporulation and nutrient concentration of mungbean under low salinity (4 dSm-1) stress condition. The experiment was designed in CRD with 10 treatments and 4 replications. Mungbean variety BARI Mung-6 was used as a test crop. Peat based rhizobial inoculum (BARI RVr-403) was used in this experiment @ 50 g kg-1 seed and the population density of inoculum being above 108 cfu g-1 inoculant. Soil based AM inoculum containing 275 ± 20 spores and infected root pieces of the host plant was used in each pot. There were 10 treatments viz. T1: Control (Not absolute control), T2: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) + 50% P, T3: AM + 75% P, T4: AM + 100% P, T5: Rhizobium + 50% P, T6: Rhizobium + 75% P, T7: Rhizobium + 100% P, T8: AM + Rhizobium + 50% P, T9: AM + Rhizobium + 75% P and T10: AM + Rhizobium + 100% P. The highest seed yield (2.28 g plant-1, 46.2% higher over control in 2017 and 2.97 g plant-1, 33.8% higher over control in 2018) and stover yield (5.23 g plant-1, 30.8% higher over control in 2017 and 5.67 g plant-1, 32.8% higher over control in 2018) were found in AM + Rhizobium + 75% P treatment. Dual inoculation significantly increased P, S, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn concentration of mungbean plant compared to control. The results suggest that inoculation of AM fungi and Rhizobium along with 75% of recommended P rate can help increased mungbean yield under low salinity stress condition through influence on nodulation, colonization and nutrient uptake. \nBangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 153-165, March 2019

/pdf/effects-of-arbuscular-mycorrhizal-fungi-rhizobium-and-1p0bk22w6q.pdf

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium and phosphorus on mungbean (Vigna radiata) in saline soil

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Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Germination, Nodulation and Sporulation of Lentil (Lens culinaris) at Different NaCl Levels

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium and phosphorus on mungbean (Vigna radiata) in saline soil