s of Selected Related Articles: Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1992). Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 201-228. The primary purpose of this paper is to review recent research examining the beneficial effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being. The review focuses on research that is longitudinal or prospective in design. Potential mechanisms are also identified whereby the beneficial effects of optimism are produced, focusing in particular on how optimism may lead a person to cope more adaptively with stress. The paper closes with a brief consideration of the similarities and differences between our own theoretical approach and several related approaches that have been taken by others. Vautier, S., Raufaste, E., & Cariou, M. (2003). Dimensionality of the Revised Life Orientation Test and the status of the filler items. International Journal of Psychology, 38, 390-400. Dispositional optimism was originally construed as unidimensional (Scheier & Carver, 1992). However, LOT-R data (Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) generally appeared bidimensional as a number of studies suggest a twocorrelatedfactor model representing optimism and pessimism. Attempts at corroborating one-factor models suggest that correlated errors between positively worded items are required for an adequate account of the data. This article explains bidimensionality by the influence of social desirability (i.e., being positive is desirable). Namely, in the present study, correlated errors are interpreted as the presence of individual differences related to the tendency to present oneself in a positive manner. Moreover, response styles can be corroborated by appropriately modelling the entire covariance matrix (i.e., including fillers), by checking that fillers with positive meaning correlate with the faking-good group factor. Students (N = 442) responded to a French adaptation of the LOT-R. The data were submitted to SEM analyses. The traditional twocorrelated factor model (optimism–pessimism) was outperformed by a model including a common factor (“optimism”) plus a factor grouping positive items only (“faking positive”). In addition, reliability analyses showed that the choice of the model clearly impacts the reliability estimates based on the model. The entire dataset was modelled for exploring the relationships between the fillers and the measurement model (i.e., the set of all relationships between factors and their indicators). The specific correlations of fillers whose meaning is positive with the faking-good group factor corroborated its substantial interpretation. It is

/pdf/validizatsiia-ukrayinskoyi-versiyi-metodiki-dispozitsiinogo-2jq5o9k2.pdf

Валідизація української версії методики диспозиційного оптимізму (life orientation test-revised – lot-r)

Introduction: The psychometric properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) have been evaluated across numerous languages and population groups, primarily from a factor analysis perspective. In some studies, inconsistencies in structural invariance have been identified. Objective: This study aims to analyze the properties and gender invariance of the SWLS from a network analysis perspective. Method: A total of 857 Spanish university students were obtained through a stratified random cluster sampling method in a cross-sectional survey design study. Descriptive analysis of the items, partial-correlation network, Bayesian network model estimation, and invariance analysis by gender were conducted. Results: The instrument did not exhibit any floor or ceiling effects. Each item can be considered univariately normally distributed, and all items clustered in a single and stable community. The partial-correlation network model and centrality measures were stable in the full sample and invariant across genders. Item 3 emerged as the most central node in the network with the highest predictability. The Bayesian network indicated that items 2 and 4 initiate the process, while item 5 acts as the sink, and items 1 and 3 act as mediators. Conclusions: The SWLS can be used as a unidimensional measure, and the total score and relationships among items are stable and reliable. Any potential differences among genders cannot be associated with the functioning of the instrument. The predictability of every item was high, and the Bayesian network clearly identified different roles among the items.

A Network Analysis Study on the Structure and Gender Invariance of the Satisfaction with Life Scale among Spanish University Students

El presente artículo científico analiza las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida (SWLS). Usando una metodología cuantitativa de carácter instrumental y descriptiva, participaron en el estudio sesenta universitarios adscritos a la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de la Corporación Universitaria Rafael Núñez que actualmente cursan el pregrado en Trabajo social. Se utilizó como instrumento para esta investigación un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la versión traducida y adaptada al español de Vázquez et al. (2013). Los análisis de la fiabilidad indican que la escala posee una consistencia interna adecuada (α = 0.78; ω= 0.80); en ese mismo orden, la prueba de Esfericidad de Bartlett advirtió una dependencia de los cinco ítems (Prueba de Bartlett= 90.25; p< 0.05). El coeficiente de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin ofreció un valor de 0.78 indicando que las correlaciones entre pareja de ítems pueden ser explicadas por los ítems restantes. La correlación de los elementos con el total fue aceptable (valores entre 0.48 y 0.65, p≤.005). El análisis de los componentes determinó una estructura unidimensional y cada reactivo tuvo un peso factorial adecuado (0.64-0.79), concluyéndose así que la escala es recomendable emplearla en muestras de este tipo.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida en estudiantes de Trabajo Social

This study aims to determine the most appropriate factor structure for the life satisfaction scale by using the meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach. For this purpose, we extracted 41 correlation matrices from 33 primary studies (N = 49316) in accordance with the inclusion criteria. In the first step of MASEM, we created the total correlation matrix according to the random-effects model. At this stage, we determined that there was a large and significant relationship between the scale items. In the second phase of MASEM, we established four models of SWLS (original single-factor model, modified single-factor model, two-factor model, and the first three-item model). As a result of the analysis, we determined that although the goodness-of-fit indices of the original single-factor model were at a “good” level, the model-data fit of modified-single-factor model and the two-factor model was better. However, we determined that the modified-single factor model was the most appropriate one since there was a high correlation (r = 0.92, p &lt; .01) between the factors in the two-factor model, and its divergent validity could not be ensured. We determined that the first three-item model is a saturated model. 

The Factor Structure of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS): A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling

Annually Sri Lanka experiences substantial rainfall; but, the availability of water within the island nation is unbalanced. Lack of an appropriate system view, suitable national-level policy, and bimodal rainfall have resulted in Sri Lankans experiencing medium to high water stress. Considering the impact individual households have to endure due to the unavailability of water, the following study presents a protocol to culturally adapt and statistically validate the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale to the Sinhala language. The protocol critically discusses the application of classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT) and documents all relevant steps for the scale validation process. Through this study protocol, the authors attempt to demonstrate the procedural rigor of the adaptation and validation process of the HWISE scale to the Sinhala language in Sri Lanka. The availability of a valid scale to evaluate household water insecurity experiences will assist public health experts, policymakers, and the government in understanding the nature and severity of water stress and the consequences across health, economic, and psychosocial contexts. Similarly, preventative interventions and key policies could be implemented to further support the initiatives of responsible authorities.  Article visualizations:

Household water insecurity experiences (hwise) scale: the protocol of cultural adaptation and statistical validation

Introduction: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), developed by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin in 1985, comprises five items with seven response options in terms of agreement–disagreement. Recently, there has been a suggestion to reduce the response options of the SWLS to optimize its applicability in different cultural contexts. Objective: The study aims to assess the psychometric properties of the SWLS with five response options in the Colombian population. Specifically, we studied the dimensionality, invariance by gender and age (among a group of adolescents and emerging adults under 25 years and a group of adults of intermediate age and established adulthood under 59 years), convergent validity (with optimism), and divergent (with pessimism) and concurrent validity with other measures of well-being (flourishing, positive, and negative affects). Methodology: This project was a cross-sectional study using a non-probabilistic sample of the general population. Participants were included if they identified themselves as Colombian and were at least 18 years of age. The final sample comprised 1,255 participants. The average age was 25.62 years (SD = 8.60) ranging from 18 to 67 years of age, and 35.8% of the participants were men. In addition to SWLS, we used the Flourishing Scale (FS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE). Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.842), composite reliability (0.851), and average variance extracted (0.537) showed very good values. CFA was conducted to test the one-dimensional structure of FS, showing excellent goodness of fit [χ(5)2 = 15.774, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.992, TLI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.042, 90% RMSEA CI (0.020, 0.066), and SRMR = 0.016]. The correlations calculated among life satisfaction (SWLS) with flourishing (FS), positive and negative affects (SPANE), optimism, and pessimism (LOT-R) were statistically significant and as expected. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age were confirmed. Percentiles were provided for the total score and for age. Conclusions: The SWLS with five response options has adequate psychometric properties in the Colombian population, and the use of this version (with 5 response options) is recommended due to its greater applicability.

/pdf/psychometric-properties-of-the-diener-satisfaction-with-life-iurdm0g9.pdf

Psychometric Properties of the Diener Satisfaction With Life Scale With Five Response Options Applied to the Colombian Population

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Psychometric Properties of the Diener Satisfaction With Life Scale With Five Response Options Applied to the Colombian Population