We demonstrate that a planar structure consisting of two isotropic dielectric layers can be used to minimize parasitic scattering in plasmonic elements. It is shown using rigorous electromagnetic simulations that the utilization of the proposed structure allows reducing the scattering losses by an order-of-magnitude (1%–2%). The proposed approach can be used for the design of various plasmonic elements such as lenses, reflectors, and plasmonic crystals.

Scattering suppression in plasmonic optics using a simple two-layer dielectric structure

Nanojet effects excited by surface plasmon polariton at the shadow-side surfaces of dielectric microdisks positioned on gold films are reported. The surface plasmon nanojet can propagate over several optical wavelengths while still maintaining a subwavelength full-width at half-maximum transverse. Due to the nature of surface plasmon wave, the electric field of the highly confined nanojet at metal-dielectric interface is enhanced by about 30 times. By varying thickness of the dielectric microdisk, the formation of surface plasmon polariton nanojet can be flexibly controlled. The surface plasmon polariton nanojet shows great promise for enhanced Raman scattering and integrated plasmonic circuits.

Controllable and enhanced nanojet effects excited by surface plasmon polariton

We describe the synthesis, structures, and magnetochemistry of new M4Cl4 cubane-type cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes with the formula [M(μ3-Cl)Cl(HL·S)]4 (1: M = Co; 2: M = Ni), where HL·S represents a pyridyl-alcohol-type ligand with a thioether functional group, introduced to allow subsequent binding to Au surfaces. Dc and ac magnetic susceptibility data of 1 and 2 were modeled with a full spin Hamiltonian implemented in the computational framework CONDON 2.0. Although both coordination clusters 1 and 2 are isostructural, with each of their transition metal ions in a pseudo-octahedral coordination environment of four Cl atoms and N,O-donor atoms of one chelating HL·S ligand, the substantially different ligand field effects of Co(II) and Ni(II) results in stark differences in their magnetism. In contrast to compound 1 which exhibits a dominant antiferromagnetic intramolecular coupling (J = −0.14 cm−1), 2 is characterised by a ferromagnetic coupling (J = +10.6 cm−1) and is considered to be a single-molecule magnet (SMM), a feature of special interest for future surface deposition studies. An analysis based on density functional theory (DFT) was performed to explore possible magnetostructural correlations in these compounds. Using a two-J model Hamiltonian, it revealed that compound 1 has four positive and two (small) negative JCo⋯Co isotropic interactions leading to a SHS = 6 ground state. Taking into account the magnetic anisotropy, one would recover a MS = 0 ground state since D > 0 from computations. In 2, all the J constants are positive and, in this framework, the zero-field splitting energy characterising the axial anisotropy was estimated to be negative (D = −0.44 cm−1). The computational results are consistent with compound 2 being an SMM.

A comparative synthetic, magnetic and theoretical study of functional M4Cl4 cubane-type Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes

Phase modulation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is studied as a function of geometric length and thickness of surface relief dielectric structures on a metal film. The results indicate that the SPPs are analogous to conventional free-space light waves in terms of phase modulation by geometric sizes and refractive indices. An SPP Fresnel zoneplate is considered as an example to employ the phase modulation method for focusing enhancement at the focal point. It is found that the phase modulation optimized zoneplate has obtained 130% higher electric field intensity at the focal point than that of an amplitude-modulated zoneplate.

Phase modulation of surface plasmon polaritons by surface relief dielectric structures

We show analytically and with rigorous computational electrodynamics how inhomogeneous surface plasmon polaritons (ISPPs) can be generated by refraction of ordinary SPPs at metal–metal interfaces. ISPPs, in contrast with SPPs, propagate and decay in different directions and can therefore exhibit significantly different intensity patterns. Our analytical arguments are based on a complex generalization of Snell’s law to describe how SPPs moving on one metal surface are refracted at an interface with a second, different metal surface. The refracted waveform on the second metal is an ISPP. Under suitable circumstances the decay of an ISPP can be almost perpendicular to the propagation direction, leading to significant confinement. It is also found that ISPPs on the second metal can retain information about the SPPs on the first metal, a phenomenon that we term “dispersion imprinting”. The complex Snell’s law predictions are validated with 3-D finite-difference time-domain simulations, and possible means of ex...

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ph500172f

Inhomogeneous Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Two-dimensional optics with surface plasmons was realized by the use of topographically structured dielectric polymer coatings. Triangles of polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) with lateral dimensions of some tens of micrometers on top of a silver layer act as two-dimensional prisms for surface plasmons. Refraction and internal reflection of plasmons were investigated by scanning near-field optical microscopy. The change in propagation direction can be explained by Snell's law when taking an effective refractive index for plasmons into account. Furthermore, intensity modulations in the PMMA elements and in the transmitted plasmon beam were observed.

Refractive and reflective behavior of polymer prisms used for surface plasmon guidance.

Synthesis of functional heterometallic complexes and clusters containing molybdenum and palladium or platinum, their self-assembly on gold surfaces and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies

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Refractive and reflective behavior of polymer prisms used for surface plasmon guidance.

Synthesis of functional heterometallic complexes and clusters containing molybdenum and palladium or platinum, their self-assembly on gold surfaces and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies