Additive manufacturing of oxide-dispersion strengthened alloys: materials, synthesis and manufacturing

Application of electrochemical polishing in surface treatment of additively manufactured structures: a review

Abstract Freeform optics has become the most prominent element of the optics industry. Advanced freeform optical designs supplementary to ultra-precision manufacturing and metrology techniques have upgraded the lifestyle, thinking, and observing power of existing humans. Imaginations related to space explorations, portability, accessibility have also witnessed sensible in today’s time with freeform optics. Present-day design methods and fabrications techniques applicable in the development of freeform optics and the market requirements are focussed and explained with the help of traditional and non-traditional optical applications. Over the years, significant research is performed in the emerging field of freeform optics, but no standards are established yet in terms of tolerances and definitions. We critically review the optical design methods for freeform optics considering the image forming and non-image forming applications. Numerous subtractive manufacturing technologies including figure correction methods and metrology have been developed to fabricate extreme modern freeform optics to satisfy the demands of various applications such as space, astronomy, earth science, defence, biomedical, material processing, surveillance, and many more. We described a variety of advanced technologies in manufacturing and metrology for novel freeform optics. Next, we also covered the manufacturing-oriented design scheme for advanced optics. We conclude this review with an outlook on the future of freeform optics design, manufacturing and metrology. 

Advances in the design and manufacturing of novel freeform optics

Improving surface quality and superficial microstructure of LDED Inconel 718 superalloy processed by hybrid laser polishing

Post-Process Treatments for Additive-Manufactured Metallic Structures: A Comprehensive Review

Process parameter dependencies of continuous and pulsed laser modes on surface polishing of additive manufactured aluminium AlSi10Mg parts

In this study a new approach to laser polishing with periodic modulated laser power in the kilohertz regime is introduced. By varying the modulation frequency and modulation time, different periodic laser power curves with varying minimum, peak and average laser power can be created. The feasibility of the method is shown by polishing of vertical built AlSi10Mg L-PBF parts with an initial roughness of Ra = 12.22 µm. One polishing pass revealed a decreasing surface roughness with increasing energy density on the surface up to Ra = 0.145 µm. An increasing energy density results in a rising remelting depth between 50 and 255 µm and a rising relative porosity of 0.3% to 4.6%. Furthermore, the thermal process stability, analysed by the melt pool length in scanning direction, reveals a steadily increasing melt pool dimension due to component heating. Multiple laser polishing passes offers a further reduced surface roughness, especially at higher modulation frequencies and provides an improved orientation independent roughness homogeneity. The process stability regarding varying initial surface roughness revealed an almost constant relative roughness reduction rate with an achievable roughness variation after two polishing passes between Ra = 0.13–0.26 µm from an initial state of Ra = 8.0–19.2 µm.

Laser Polishing of Additive Manufactured Aluminium Parts by Modulated Laser Power.

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is an Additive Manufacturing technique, which allows production of highly complex solid metal parts with good mechanical properties, compared to conventionally manufactured parts. Nevertheless, the layer-by-layer fabrication process also offers several disadvantages, including a relatively high surface roughness depending on the shape of the component, its position and orientation during the fabrication process. This paper deals with investigations on the surface roughness reduction capability, and residual surface structures by laser polishing of LPBF AlSi10Mg parts under varying initial surface roughness in order to investigate the influence of the surface behavior and initial surface roughness to the achievable surface quality by laser polishing. Hereto test specimens with varying fabrication orientations regarding to the built platform are printed and further polished. Thereby the initial arithmetic roughness varies between 19.2 μm and 8.0 μm. It could be shown that the achievable surface roughness by laser polishing with continuous and pulsed laser radiation is increasing with rising initial roughness, but the relative roughness reduction is almost constant in the range of 95% - 97.5%. The analyzation of the residual roughness structures shows, that the main roughness differences is found in the middle and long structure wavelength regime, which are directly depending on the initial surface structures of 3D printing.

/pdf/laser-polishing-of-laser-powder-bed-fusion-alsi10mg-parts-oy4up2oi3q.pdf

Laser Polishing of Laser Powder Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts—Influence of Initial Surface Roughness on Achievable Surface Quality

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Papers

Process parameter dependencies of continuous and pulsed laser modes on surface polishing of additive manufactured aluminium AlSi10Mg parts

Laser Polishing of Additive Manufactured Aluminium Parts by Modulated Laser Power.

Laser Polishing of Laser Powder Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts—Influence of Initial Surface Roughness on Achievable Surface Quality