In November 1996, voters cast ballots for candidates running for 57 seats on 15 community advising and zoning boards in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Voters had little knowledge about the candidates ...

Gender, Ethnicity, and Ballot Information: Ballot Cues in Low-Information Elections:

This study takes a two-stage approach to examining the impact of the electoral college on turnout in the 2000 presidential election. First, we examine whether battleground states received more media spending and visits by the candidates and their party committees compared to nonbattleground states. Second, we examine whether media spending and candidate visits were related to state-level turnout. The results of the project show that the battleground states did receive significantly more media expenditures and candidate visits from the two major party campaigns than nonbattleground states. Furthermore, when controlling for state-level contextual and political factors, the more media expenditures and candidate visits a state received the higher the state turnout. Finally, the analysis reveals that state battleground status indirectly impacted state-level turnout through its effect on media spending and candidate visits.

The electoral college, mobilization, and turnout in the 2000 presidential election

In a model that relies entirely on legal and structural factors, Wright (1989) seeks to account for changes in voter participation from the initial primary to the runoff. This article tests an alternative, campaign-centered model of voter turnout in 109 congressional runoffs from 1982 through 1996. The analysis indicates that candidate-centered factors, including the amount of money expended by the candidates in the runoff and the political experience of the primary leader, influence turnout in runoff primaries. Generally, when more money is spent during the runoff, voter participation declines less relative to the initial primary, suggesting that a more stimulated political environment encourages greater participation. Spending before the initial primary is less influential than spending between the primary and runoff in maintaining voter turnout, which indicates that any potential effects from stimulation of the environment in the prior campaign have largely dissipated by the time of the second election.

System Structure, Campaign Stimuli, and Voter Falloff in Runoff Primaries

Previous research on congressional elections has largely concluded that House elections have become much less competitive in the modern era. Our research investigates one area where we should theoretically expect to observe more competition ﾖ namely, primary elections. In this paper, we examine when and where a state legislator will emerge to run in a congressional primary. All else equal, we expect that state legislators who can carry a large portion of their old state reelection constituency to the 'geographic' congressional constituency will be more likely to emerge and receive a higher vote share in the election. Using GIS software, we are able to derive a measure of constituency overlap by focusing on the degree of congruency between state legislative and congressional districts. Our results indicate that state legislators are more likely to emerge in a primary if constituency congruency is relatively high, especially in open seat contests. When state legislative candidates start with a strong voter base, we also find that they do better in the primary election.

Constituency Congruency and Candidate Competition in Primary Elections for the U.S. House

Disproportionate rates of congressional representation based on gender and race are especially stark considering the symbolic and substantive meaning derived from descriptive representation (Mansbr...

Identity in Campaign Finance and Elections: The Impact of Gender and Race on Money Raised in 2010–2018 U.S. House Elections:

Ambition theory identifies political experience as a major correlate of holding higher office. We explore the possibility that under certain conditions, political experience may do little to promote election. Specifically, in runoff primaries experience may not promote a candidate's prospects for nomination. When an experienced candidate, such as a former state legislator, fails to win a majority in the initial primary, it may indicate that any advantages derived from experience have been discounted by the electorate. The relationship between experience and runoff election success is explored using 87 U.S. House elections from 1982 through 1994. The evidence shows that in runoffs experienced candidates who led their primaries have no advantage, while the greater the experience of the primary runner-up, the more likely it is that the front-runner will be nominated.

When Experience Fails: The Experience Factor in Congressional Runoffs

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System Structure, Campaign Stimuli, and Voter Falloff in Runoff Primaries

When Experience Fails: The Experience Factor in Congressional Runoffs