Conservation of cultural heritage is nowadays a very important aspect of our lives. Thanks to such legacy we gain knowledge about our ancestors, methods of production and ways of their life. The rapid development of 3D technology allows for more and more faithful reflection of this area of life. The rich cultural heritage, both tangible and intangible, can be preserved for future generations due to the use of advanced 3d technologies. They provide the means of documenting, recovering and presenting items of cultural heritage. Not only buildings or monuments are taken into account. An important aspect of our culture is intangible cultural heritage (ICH), including acting, crafting or storytelling, passed down from generation to generation. Due to the rapid development of civilisation and the migration of people, this type of culture is often forgotten. That is why the preservation of ICH is an important element of today world. The main aim of this study, on the basis of the gathered papers, is to identify: (1) the general state of use of 3D digital technologies in ICH; (2) the topics and themes discussed; (3) the technologies used in the study; (4) locations of research centres conducting such studies; and (5) the types of research carried out. The methodology consists of the following main steps: defining study questions, searching query development, selection of publications in Scopus, Web of Knowledge and IEEE Xplore, finally the study execution and the analysis of the obtained results. The results show that for ICH the most often used technologies are: 3D visualisation, 3D modelling, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and motion capture systems. 

/pdf/3d-technologies-for-intangible-cultural-heritage-keqfdpet.pdf

3D technologies for intangible cultural heritage preservation—literature review for selected databases

Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) as a field of research and site for digital efforts has grown significantly since the UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Heritage. In contrast to tangible heritage, where cultural identities are manifested through physical objects, intangible cultural expressions are defined through tacit reliances and embodied practices. Such practices are usually bodily communicated, enacted, socially transmitted, and constantly evolving. Burgeoning trends in computational heritage and ICT applications have played a crucial role in safeguarding ICH as they produce versatile resources while making them accessible to the public. Nevertheless, most of the inventions are object-centric and cater to conserving material-based knowledge bases. Few endeavors thus far have fully supported the recording, representing, and reviving of the living nature of ICH. One of the challenges now faced is to find appropriate forms, together with efficient methods, to document the ephemeral aspects of intangible heritage. Another barrier is to find effective ways to communicate the knowledge inextricably linked to people. In response, recent efforts have embarked on capturing the “live” and “active” facets of the embodied cultures, which entails addressing technological and curatorial complexity to communicate the material and immaterial aspects within a meaningful context. Meanwhile, advancements in experimental museology have opened up new modes of experiential narratives, particularly through visualization, augmentation, participation, and immersive embodiment. Novel practices of cultural data computation and data sculpting have also emerged toward the ideal of knowledge reconstruction. This article outlines state-of-the-art models, projects, and technical practices that have advanced the digitization lifecycle for ICH resources. The review focuses on several critical but less studied tasks within digital archiving, computational encoding, conceptual representation, and interactive engagement with the intangible cultural elements. We aim at identifying the advancements and gaps in the existing conventions, and to envision opportunities for transmitting embodied knowledge in intangible heritage.

Digitizing Intangible Cultural Heritage Embodied: State of the Art

This chapter explores the integration of affective storytelling in virtual museum (VM) experience. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) affects the way people create, communicate and learn, opens novel opportunities and provides new means for museums to create narratives, express their points and provide quality experiences. Museums’ integration of new media, empowers people to construct their own understandings within an open-ended framework. ICT permeate cultural life, not only by introducing new forms of creative expression and meanings for art, but also by enriching, transforming and enhancing the museum experience. ICT in museums can empower curators to disseminate their ideas and facilitate understandings of the complexities regarding museum exhibits and thus develop aesthetic perception, sensitivities and creativity. In this chapter, the function and cultural significance of storytelling as such is addressed, before venturing into discussing digital storytelling vis-a-vis cultural heritage organizations’ practices. Furthermore, the potential of digital storytelling as fulcrum for rethinking museums as affective spaces in-dialogue with their audiences is delineated.

Storytelling in Virtual Museums: Engaging A Multitude of Voices

According to UNESCO, cultural heritage does not only include monuments and collections of objects, but also contains traditions or living expressions inherited from our ancestors and passed to our descendants. Folk dances represent part of cultural heritage and their preservation for the next generations appears of major importance. Digitization and visualization of folk dances form an increasingly active research area in computer science. In parallel to the rapidly advancing technologies, new ways for learning folk dances are explored, making the digitization and visualization of assorted folk dances for learning purposes using different equipment possible. Along with challenges and limitations, solutions that can assist the learning process and provide the user with meaningful feedback are proposed. In this paper, an overview of the techniques used for the recording of dance moves is presented. The different ways of visualization and giving the feedback to the user are reviewed as well as ways of performance evaluation. This paper reviews advances in digitization and visualization of folk dances from 2000 to 2018.

https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5134/3/4/72/pdf

Digitization and Visualization of Folk Dances in Cultural Heritage: A Review

In recent years, increasing academic attention has been focused on the educational potential of video games. Serious games for heritage applications have received much interest, and many examples are well documented in the literature. Many frameworks and methodologies have been proposed for how to design serious games, yet there is a lack of guidance for how to embed heritage information in the mechanics and content of these games. There are also many examples of commercial (non-serious) games that contain heritage content, and there is interest in how these games can be used in educational contexts. However, these games are designed primarily for entertainment purposes, without pedagogical foundations and with limited historical accuracy. There is currently a lack of a rigorous, scientific approach to support the critical analysis of the content of these games and to inform their use within learning settings. In this paper, we propose that the above issues are related by a lack of definitions of heritage content in the video game medium. We describe a model that defines how historical information can be presented in a video game at a content level and demonstrate how it can be applied to the analysis of the content in a commercial historical game. Finally, we propose a novel methodology based on activity theory to guide the design of serious games, based on pre-defined heritage instructional content. The findings are relevant both to educators who wish to use heritage video games, and to designers of serious games for heritage.

/pdf/a-model-of-heritage-content-to-support-the-design-and-2i1d8xmcpp.pdf

A model of heritage content to support the design and analysis of video games for history education

Intangible Cultural Heritage is a mainspring of cultural diversity and as such it should be a focal point in cultural heritage preservation and safeguarding endeavours. Nevertheless, although significant progress has been made in digitization technology as regards tangible cultural assets and especially in the area of 3D reconstruction, the e-documentation of intangible cultural heritage has not seen comparable progress. One of the main reasons associated lies in the significant challenges involved in the systematic e-digitisation of intangible cultural assets, such as performing arts. In this paper, we present at a high-level an approach for transforming intangible cultural assets, namely folk dances, into tangible choreographic digital objects. The approach is being implemented in the context of the H2020 European project “Terpsichore”.

Transforming Intangible Folkloric Performing Arts into Tangible Choreographic Digital Objects: The Terpsichore Approach

Abstract. The inability to prevent or eliminate illicit trafficking of cultural goods is not limited to failed-state environments or any specific part of the globe. While the antiquities market denies that this illicit trade is a widespread phenomenon, the international community and Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) overwhelmingly recognize the problem indicating that organized crime is involved at all stages. Nowadays, web platforms play host to groups dedicated to illegal archaeological excavations and Illicit trade of cultural goods. Looters have the freedom to connect online with potential buyers around the world. At the same time, social media platform monitoring in search of criminal activities conducted by LEAs is poor due to the lack of expertise, efficient tools to scan the massive amounts of data, and funds. The COVID-19 crisis has compounded the problem by driving more and more dealers and buyers online – where they are discovering that by joining certain unmonitored groups, they can enter the illegal market with ease. The EU funded SIGNIFICANCE project (Stop Illicit heritaGe traffickiNg wIth artiFICiAl iNtelligenCE) has been designed to boost LEAs investigation capabilities in monitoring online illegal activities on social media platforms, the web and the dark web for the identification of cultural property crimes, exploiting Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning algorithms for guaranteeing the successful prosecution of perpetrators unveiling criminal networks.


/pdf/significance-stop-illicit-heritage-trafficking-with-21a8b3zl.pdf

Significance. stop illicit heritage trafficking with artificial intelligence

Abstract. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be highly effective in detecting and monitoring illegal trafficking of cultural heritage (CH) goods through image classification techniques, particularly on online marketplaces where the trade of stolen CH objects has become a major global issue. Traditional investigation methods are no longer adequate, but with the assistance of AI, law enforcement agencies and CH organizations can now boost monitoring capabilities to detect, track, and possibly recover stolen objects more efficiently. AI algorithms can indeed analyze images to identify unique features and characteristics that can be used to determine their authenticity and provenance. Additionally, AI can detect patterns and networks of illicit trafficking, and link stolen objects to their places of origin, facilitating the recovery process. In this context, the SIGNIFICANCE project (Stop Illicit Heritage Trafficking with Artificial Intelligence) has been specifically designed to increase the response capabilities of public authorities and police corps against the illicit trafficking of cultural goods perpetrated through internet channels (i.e., social platforms, web, and dark web). By leveraging the power of Deep Learning (DL), AI can help prevent the loss of invaluable cultural artifacts and ensure that they are returned to their rightful owners and places of origin. This paper presents the results reached by the SIGNIFICANCE AI framework on image datasets collected over the web and social media through crawling algorithms.


https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-m-2-2023-3-2023

Artificial intelligence to fight illicit trafficking of cultural property

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Transforming Intangible Folkloric Performing Arts into Tangible Choreographic Digital Objects: The Terpsichore Approach

Significance. stop illicit heritage trafficking with artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence to fight illicit trafficking of cultural property