国際交流基金年報 = The Japan Foundation

This special section examines the temporal dimensions of forced migration following displacement, resettlement and deportation. It recognises that forced migration experiences often cut people o ﬀ from their past and deny them opportunities to imagine their futures, reducing life to an ‘ unending present ’ (Feldman 2018). Taking forced migrants ’ experiences of the ‘ here and now ’ as the ethnographic starting point, the special section draws attention to the afterlives of forced migration long after the initial moment of departure. Speci ﬁ cally, it traces the ways in which historical violence and colonial legacies, racialisa-tion, hostile asylum regimes and restrictive bureaucracies continue to shape migrants ’ lives, relationships and future migratory decisions after attaining legal status and when belonging rather than citizenship is at stake. These long-term impacts of forced migration produce new forms of violence and inequality, while also generating novel forms of belonging and relationality among those who have been displaced. Moving beyond linear assumptions that are often associated with the lives of people on the move (Ramsay 2017), the articles in this collection illuminate how forced migrants inhabit multiple and often quite di ﬀ erent temporalities at once. section

Introduction: Living in the ‘Here and Now’: Extended Temporalities of Forced Migration

Burundi experienced recurrent violent conflicts that killed many people since the acquisition of political independence in 1962. This situation depends on various phenomena. The current investigation has a target to point out them through answers to census using a questionnaire with multiple choice questions, administered to 423 citizens of Bujumbura city forming a representative sample among whom there are all 3 ethnic groups, from different religions, and various socio-professional activities represented. We used CSPro software for data collection and Advanced Excel and STATA for analysis. Findings show that 63.07% of respondents esteem discrimination as a cause of identity-based conflict while 53.67% consider social injustice, 52.88% point out exclusion, 45.22% opt for nepotism and 38.57% gave their opinion as regionalism is among the main causes of identity-based conflict.

The population's perception of the causes of identity conflicts in Burundi

PurposeThe authors aimed to explore how involvement in a creative development accelerator impacted participants. In particular, the authors considered the role of suffering in the acceleration process.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted an ethnography of a rapid prototyping program in video game development. Data collection included participant observation (162 h before, 186 during and 463 h after the main prototyping), interviews (23 formal and 35 informal) and artifact analysis (presentations, documents, games).FindingsAcceleration led to individual suffering via burnout, lack of sleep, overwork and illness. In turn, participants required varying periods of recovery after participation and diverged in their longer-term reaction to the experience. The authors make two contributions. First, the authors deepen empirical understanding of the embodied impact of participation in an organizational accelerator. Second, the authors develop a theoretical process model of suffering in an accelerator program based on time and initiation.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper focused on a single iteration of a program based out of an incubator in the United Kingdom (UK) Suffering was discovered as part of a larger study of the program.Practical implicationsBusiness and technology accelerators are becoming a popular way to organize work. This research suggests that accelerator structures might lead to unintended and negative participant experiences.Originality/valueThis research challenges the assumption that accelerators always benefit, or at least not hurt, participants. The authors add to the limited attention paid to suffering in organizations. The authors conclude the impact of an accelerator is more complex than usually portrayed.

/pdf/suffering-recovery-and-participant-experience-in-a-video-q42z53i9.pdf

Suffering, recovery and participant experience in a video game development accelerator

Objective of the study: We seek to understand two aspects of a business accelerator: first, how an accelerator influences early product development, and second, how an accelerator impacts participants during and after acceleration.Methodology/approach: We conducted an ethnography of a rapid prototyping program in video game development. Methods included 810 hours of participant observation, 58 interviews, and hundreds of analyzed material artifacts.Originality/Relevance: We add insight into the impact and outcomes of an accelerator program across multiple scales: spatial, temporal, and product. Our study is one of the first to examine a formal video game development accelerator.Main Results: Accelerator participants created 42 prototype games, two companies received additional funding, but no games were released within one year of the program. Product scales changed over time from expectations, to prototypes, to final games. The spatial-temporal scale of the accelerator was open to interpretation. Participants and observers held two main spatial-temporal perspectives (present-local and future-global) that changed over a one year time period.Theoretical/methodological contributions: First, we conceptualize an accelerator as a dual competitive place where participants and observers engage in dueling and evolving spatial-temporal perspectives over time. Second, we develop the concept of an accelerated digital product scale to explain the process of evolvement from an accelerator product to a potential final product.Social/Management contributions: We conclude the impact of an accelerator is more complex than the structure or the output. The accelerator may rapidly generate ideas or prototypes, but this does not guarantee a quicker final product release. 

/pdf/the-impact-of-video-game-prototyping-in-an-accelerator-as-2s48bkgr.pdf

The impact of video game prototyping in an accelerator as viewed via spatial, temporal, and product scales

ABSTRACT Hani’s fifteen-year journey to refugee status in Northern Ireland allows for an examination of the extended temporalities of displacement which shape the lives and relationships of women asylum seekers. The asylum process causes prolonged suffering, exposing women to family separation, repeated displacement, poverty, substandard living conditions, and detention while waiting for a legal resolution. Women like Hani remain stuck in time and space, forced to live in an uncertain present, separated from the home and family they once knew. Years spent living under these conditions reconfigure women’s imaginaries of home and family, which I will examine through broader concepts of belonging and care. Rather than remaining stuck in a painful present, some women engage in new forms of caregiving that move beyond kinship, creating new families and homes separate from the past. While these care practices create meaning in the present, they also create temporal conflicts that require women to simultaneously negotiate multiple incompatible temporalities in the ‘here and now’.

A Mother’s Experience of Asylum: Conflicting Temporalities, Belonging, and Evolving Care Relations

/pdf/community-based-approaches-to-mental-health-and-conflict-2v1kbu4mws.pdf

Community-Based Approaches to Mental Health and Conflict Resolution in Post-Conflict Libya

Life as a Migrant Muslim Woman in Sectarian Northern Ireland

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore peace protest as a form of institutional work aimed at supporting one institution and disrupting another.Design/methodology/approachThe authors utilized walking ethnography (28 miles in 18 h while conducting 25 walking interviews) and digital media analysis (news reports, social media and electronic communication).FindingsWalking participants engaged in multiple types of institutional work aimed at maintaining the Good Friday Agreement and disrupting partisan violence. The institutional work left no lasting impact on either institution.Originality/valueThe paper conceptualizes two competing institutions and situates the dual institutional work of Lyra's Walk in the post-conflict context of Northern Ireland. The study contributes to understanding formality and multiplicity in institutional work research.

The dual institutional work of Lyra's Walk: partisan violence and peace protest in Northern Ireland

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A Mother’s Experience of Asylum: Conflicting Temporalities, Belonging, and Evolving Care Relations

Community-Based Approaches to Mental Health and Conflict Resolution in Post-Conflict Libya

Life as a Migrant Muslim Woman in Sectarian Northern Ireland

The dual institutional work of Lyra's Walk: partisan violence and peace protest in Northern Ireland