Fiber optic smart structures have been developed over several decades by the recent fiber optic sensor technology. Optical intensity-based sensors, which use LD or LEDs, can be suitable for the monitor system to be simple and cost effective. In this paper, a novel fiber optic smart structure with human-like perception has been demonstrated by using intensity-based hetero-core optical fiber sensors system with the CMOS detector. The optical intensity from the hetero-core optical fiber bend sensor is obtained as luminance spots indicated by the optical power distributions. A number of optical intensity spots are simultaneously readout by taking a picture of luminance pattern. To recognize the state of fiber optic smart structure with the hetero-core optical fibers, the template matching process is employed with Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD). A fiber optic smart glove having five optic fiber nerves have been employed to monitor hand postures. Three kinds of hand postures have been recognized by means of the template matching process. A body posture monitoring has also been developed by placing the wearable hetero-core optical fiber bend sensors on the body segments. In order for the CMOS system to be a human brain-like, the luminescent spots in the obtained picture were arranged to make the pattern corresponding to the position of body segments. As a result, it was successfully demonstrated that the proposed fiber optic smart structure could recognize eight kinds of body postures. The developed system will give a capability of human brain-like processing to the existing fiber optic smart structures.

Multi-channel measurement for hetero-core optical fiber sensor by using CMOS camera

Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant/Award Number: XDA17010205 Abstract The compensation for non‐uniformity correction of multi‐channel time delay integration charge coupled device (TDI CCD) under variable gain is presented. The mathematical model of photoelectric conversion is established first, and, then, a two‐step non‐uniformity correction method for multi‐channel TDI CCD is proposed. Based on this method, a compensation algorithm for non‐uniformity correction under variable gain is elaborated in detail. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can always maintain the photo response non‐uniformity (PRNU) of the corrected images better than 1.14% when the programmable gain amplification (PGA) gain varies within the range of 1–3, compared to the conventional method of degrading to 2.91%. Meanwhile, a compression method for correction coefficients under multiple integral stages is proposed, which can reduce the storage space requirement by 50% at the cost of the PRNU being degraded by a maximum of 0.19% at all integral stages.

Compensation for the non-uniformity correction of multi-channel TDI CCD under variable gain

A smart structure using intensity-based optical fiber sensors has the potential to be a simple and low-cost system. In this paper, a novel fiber-optic smart structure system using a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) is demonstrated that simultaneously monitors a number of hetero-core optical fiber bending sensors. The proposed system can integrate a number of optical fiber transmission lines. Therefore, the system does not require a number of photodetectors, which is different from conventional techniques. To simultaneously measure optical intensity, we coupled a number of hetero-core optical fiber sensors to a CMOS camera. The optical fiber sensor can detect macrobending to the optical light intensity. The output images comprise luminance spots distribution directly representing the sensor arrangements in the smart structure. A template matching technique based on the sum of absolute differences was introduced to distinguish between the overall behaviors of structures. A recognition experiment for object shapes was performed with a smart pressure sheet in which hetero-core optical fiber sensors are embedded as a simple case. In addition, a real-time human body posture recognition application was implemented using a fiber-optic smart clothing to apply the proposed system. Recognition results show that all images comprising luminance spots distribution were matched with the correct template images, with an error rate of 0% for 15 trials.

Behavior Monitoring Based on Intensity Matrix Distribution in Output Plane of Single-Mode Fiber Bundle

The multi-channel detectors are essential part of modern experiments. The number of readout channels for every future detector is usually much higher than before. Usually the number of channels of a detector constrains the minimal data acquisition system (DAQ) requirements and the total price of the readout system. For the future groundbased gamma-ray instruments like for example, the Cerenkov Telescope Array (CTA) the DAQ system should fulfill several stringent requirements: low power consumption, compactness, ability to record a rate of 1kHz for several thousand channels and affordable cost per channel. We present here an alternative to the conventional ADC system. The analog pulses from the light sensors are converted into optical signals and fed into the optical fibers, which are bundled as a fiber optic plate (FOP). The externally triggered high-speed CMOS camera coupled to a fast Gated Image Intensifier makes a photo of the FOP, when the optical signal flashes the FOP. The Gated Image Intensifier serves as an ultra-fast optical shutter and event delimiter.

Fast readout of multi-channel detectors by using a CCD/CMOS camera

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Fast readout of multi-channel detectors by using a CCD/CMOS camera