Ear nose throat.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la anatomia de la arteria maxilar (AM) y sus ramas. Fueron disecados 14 hemicabezas de cadaveres turcos adultos. Las muestras fueron clasificadas de acuerdo a las relaciones entre AM y el musculo pterigoideo lateral. Despues de la eliminacion del musculo pterigoideo lateral, las partes y las ramas de AM fueron expuestas. Se clasificaron los patrones de ramificacion de la AM en la fosa pterigopalatina. El calibre y la longitud de las arterias, la distancia entre el arco cigomatico y la AM , y entre la cresta infratemporal y la AM fueron medidas. La AM se encuentra superficial al musculo pterigoideo lateral en el 57,2%. La arteria alveolar inferior (AI) se origino desde la AM antes que la arteria meningea media (MM) en el 35,7%, y despues de esta en el 35,7%. La AI y MM se originaron en la misma zona de la AM en el 14,3%. En otros dos casos la AI se origino desde el inicio de AM (14,3%). De acuerdo con los contornos de la tercera porcion de AM, se clasificaron como tipo "Y" (50%), tipo "intermedio-T" (14,3%), y de tipo "M" (35,7%). Esta investigacion de la anatomia clinica de la AM puede proporcionar informacion util a los cirujanos de cabeza y cuello, odontologos, neurocirujanos y radiologos relacionados con esta region.

/pdf/clinical-significance-of-maxillary-artery-and-its-branches-a-n20mtelvrc.pdf

Clinical Significance of Maxillary Artery and its Branches: A Cadaver Study and Review of the Literature

The maxillary artery (MA) has gained attention in neurosurgery particularly in cerebral revascularization techniques, intracranial endonasal approaches and endovascular procedures. To describe and illustrate the anatomy of the MA and its neurosurgical importance in a detailed manner. Six cadaveric heads (12 MAs) were injected with latex. The arteries and surrounding structures were dissected and studied using microsurgical techniques. The dimensions, course and branching patterns of the MA were recollected. In addition, 20 three-dimensional reconstruction CT head and neck angiograms (3D CTAs) of actual patients were correlated with the cadaveric findings. The MA can be divided in three segments: mandibular, pterygoid and pterygopalatine. Medial and lateral trunk variants regarding its course around the lateral pterygoid muscle can be found. The different branching patterns of the MA have a direct correlation with the course of its main trunk at the base of the skull. Branching and trunk variants on one side do not predict the findings on the contralateral side. In this study the highly variable course, branching patterns and relations of the MA are illustrated and described in human cadaveric heads and 3D CTAs. MA 3D CTA with bone reconstruction can be useful preoperatively for the identification of the medial or lateral course variants of this artery, particularly its pterygoid segment, which should be taken into account when considering the MA as a donor vessel for an EC-IC bypass.

The maxillary artery and its variants: an anatomical study with neurosurgical applications

The History and Evolution of Internal Maxillary Artery Bypass.

Clinical Significance of Maxillary Artery and its Branches: A Cadaver Study and Review of the Literature Significado Cl赤nico de la Arteria Maxilar y sus Ramas: Un Estudio en Cad芍ver y la Revisi車n de la Literatura

Objective Several studies have investigated the relationship between the maxillary artery and the lateral pterygoid muscle, yet controversy still exists regarding this relationship. The purpose of this study was to re-examine this relationship in a sample of caucasian cadavers in Canada. Study design All soft tissues were removed from the mandibles of 44 caucasian cadavers. Mandibular osteotomies were performed to expose the infratemporal fossa and to dissect the maxillary artery bilaterally. Once accomplished, the relationship of the second part of the maxillary artery to the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle, and any variation in symmetry, was recorded. Results In the majority of cases (30/44), the artery was found lateral to the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle (71% in men and 65% in women). The maxillary artery was found medial to the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle in only 14 of the cases (29% in men and 35% in women). No variations in the course of the maxillary artery were noted between the 2 sides and between both genders. Conclusions This study shows that the lateral or superficial course of the maxillary artery relative to the lower head of the lateral pterygoid muscle is more prevalent than the medial or deep course. This is in agreement with the majority of previously published results. There were no variations in the course of the artery between the 2 sides of the same cadaver or between cadavers of both genders.

Relationship of the maxillary artery and lateral pterygoid muscle in a caucasian sample

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Relationship of the maxillary artery and lateral pterygoid muscle in a caucasian sample