Both computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) and contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) have proven to be useful and accurate cross-sectional imaging modalities over a wide range of vascular territories and vascular disorders. A key advantage of MRA is that, unlike CTA, it can be performed without the administration of a contrast agent. In this review article we consider the motivations for using noncontrast MRA, potential contrast mechanisms, imaging techniques, advantages, and drawbacks with respect to CTA and CEMRA, and the level of evidence for using the various MRA techniques. In addition, we explore new developments that promise to expand the reliability and range of clinical applications for noncontrast MRA, along with functional MRA capabilities not available with CTA or CEMRA. Level of Evidence: 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:355-373.

Noncontrast MR angiography: An update.

OBJECTIVE. In patients with difficult IV access or renal insufficiency, or in those who are pregnant, we hypothesized than an unenhanced 3D segmented steady-state free precession (SSFP) MR angiography (MRA) technique would be an alternative to contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) for the evaluation of vasculature.MATERIALS AND METHODS. MRA examinations of the thoracic aorta were retrospectively reviewed in 23 patients in whom both CE-MRA and 3D SSFP were performed. CE-MRA was performed using an ECG-gated gradient-echo FLASH sequence. Three-dimensional SSFP MRA was performed during free breathing using a motion-adaptive navigator technique. Quantitative assessment of the 3D SSFP and CE-MRA image sets was performed by comparing the aortic lumen diameter. The quality of the images of the aortic root (scale of 1–5) and the presence of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular pathology were independently determined for both techniques by two reviewers. Bland-Altman and Wilcoxon's signed-rank analyses were per...

https://www.ajronline.org/doi/pdfplus/10.2214/AJR.07.2997

Unenhanced MR Angiography of the Thoracic Aorta: Initial Clinical Evaluation

The last 5 years of technological advances with major impact on clinical magnetic resonance (MR) are discussed, with greater emphasis on those that are most recent. These developments have already had a critical positive effect on clinical diagnosis and therapy and presage continued rapid im

Current technological advances in magnetic resonance with critical impact for clinical diagnosis and therapy.

Purpose:

To investigate the efficacy of distributed compressed sensing (CS) to accelerate free-breathing, electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered noncontrast pulmonary vein (PV) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).



Materials and Methods:

Fully sampled ECG-triggered noncontrast PV MRA, using a spatially selective slab inversion preparation sequence, was acquired on seven healthy adult subjects (27 ± 17 years, range: 19–65 years, 4 women). The k-space data were retrospectively randomly undersampled by factors of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 and then reconstructed using distributed CS and coil-by-coil CS methods. The reconstructed images were evaluated by two blinded readers in consensus for assessment of major PV branches as well as the presence of artifacts in left atrium (LA) and elsewhere. Diameters of right inferior and right superior PV branches were measured. Additionally, mean square errors (MSE) of the reconstructions were calculated.



Results:

Both CS methods resulted in image quality scores similar to the fully sampled reference images at undersampling factors up to 6-fold for distributed CS and 4-fold for coil-by-coil CS reconstructions. There was no difference in the presence of artifacts in LA and freedom from important artifacts elsewhere between the two techniques up to undersampling factors of 10 compared to the fully sampled reconstruction. For the PV diameters, no systematic variation between the reference and the reconstructions were observed for either technique. There were no significant differences in MSE between the two methods when compared at a given rate, but the difference was significant when compared across all rates.



Conclusion:

The sparsity of noncontrast PV MRA and the joint sparsity of different coil images allow imaging at high undersampling factors (up to 6-fold) when distributed CS is used. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;33:1248–1255. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

https://www.ece.umn.edu/~akcakaya/nce_pvmra_dcs.pdf

Accelerated noncontrast-enhanced pulmonary vein MRA with distributed compressed sensing

Purpose: To investigate pulmonary vein (PV) off-resonance and blood flow as causes of signal void artifacts in noncontrast steady-slate-free-precession (SSFP) PV magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).Materials and Methods: PV blood off-resonance was measured on 11 healthy adult subjects and 10 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Noncontrast PV MRA was performed using a 3D slab-selective SSFP sequence at 1.5T on seven healthy subjects with signal profile shifts of 0-125 Hz. The time-resolved blood flow velocity of the PVs was measured on five healthy subjects. The impact of flow was studied on six healthy subjects, on whom SSFP PV MRA was acquired twice with the electrocardiogram (ECG) trigger delay corresponding to low and high flow, respectively.Results: The PV off-resonances were 97 +/- 27 Hz, 65 +/- 20 Hz, 74 +/- 25 Hz, and 52 +/- 17 Hz for right inferior, left inferior, right superior, and left superior PVs, respectively, on healthy subjects, and 74 +/- 20 Hz, 38 +/- 9 Hz, 51 +/- 20 Hz, and 28 +/- 11 Hz on AF patients (P<0.01 for all). The off-resonance caused severe signal voids in the PVs. Signal acquired during mid-diastole with high PV flow caused additional signal voids in the left atrium, which was reduced by setting the ECG trigger delay to late diastole.Conclusion: PV off-resonance and flow causes signal void artifacts in noncontrast 3D slab-selective SSFP PV MRA.

/pdf/noncontrast-ssfp-pulmonary-vein-magnetic-resonance-1mkjq2679l.pdf

Noncontrast SSFP pulmonary vein magnetic resonance angiography: impact of off-resonance and flow.

Purpose:To evaluate the feasibility of 3-dimensional (3D) steady-state free-precession (SSFP) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) using nonselective radiofrequency excitation for imaging of pulmonary veins (PVs) without intravenous gadolinium chelate and to correlate the results with conventional c

Three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary veins by a novel steady-state free-precession magnetic resonance angiography technique without the use of intravenous contrast agent: initial experience.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Alex Sassani

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary veins by a novel steady-state free-precession magnetic resonance angiography technique without the use of intravenous contrast agent: initial experience.