Based on the magnetic monopole (MM) catalytic nuclear decay (Rubakov-Callan (RC) effect), we propose five new models to discuss the limit of the MM flux and the heating energy resources of white dwarfs (WDs) based on observations of 13 red giant branch (RGB) stars. We find that the number of MMs captured can reach a maximum value of when GeV, , . The good agreement of our calculated luminosities for WDs with observation provides support for our model based on the RC effect by MMs. We obtain a new limit of the MM flux of , and at when , , and , respectively. Our results show that the RC effect could cause heating that prevents white dwarfs from cooling down into a stellar graveyard. Our results will also provide a new idea for further research on the upper limit of MM flow (note: are the baryon number density, reaction cross section, mass, MM flux, and the new limit of the MM flux, respectively, and is the ratio of the speed of MMs to that of light).

New insights into the limit of the magnetic monopole flux and the heating source in white dwarfs


 25 typical super-massive white dwarfs (WDs) are selected and the proton decay reaction Catalyzed by magnetic monopoles (MMs) for WDs is discussed. The main highlights are given as follows. Firstly, by considering the effect of the temperature on cross section and the thermonuclear reaction and mass-radius relationship, we present two new the MMs models (I, II) to discuss the energy resources problem based on MMs catalytic nuclear decay (i.e.,RC effect). Secondly, we detailed calculate the the number of MMs captured by WDs and compare the luminosity with the observations. Finally, we discuss the effect of the correction factor on the cross section for the Rubakov process in model (II) and the differences of the WDs luminosities between the two models are shown. We find that a strong suppression control the monopole catalysis of nucleon decay. The maximum of the the number of MMs captured and the luminosity can be $2.235\times10^{21}$ , and $1.7859\times10^{32}\rm{ergs^{-1}}$, respectively (e.g., for O+Ne core mass WD J055631.17+130639.78). The luminosities for most of massive WDs are agreed well with the observations at relativistic low temperature (e.g., $T_6=0.1$), but can be three, and two orders magnitude higher than those of the observations for model (I), and (II) at relativistic high temperature (e.g., $T_6=10$), respectively. The luminosities for model (I) are about one order magnitude higher than those of model (II) in the same astrophysical environment. Due to consider the affect of the number of the MMs captured on the mass radius relationship and the suppression on the proton decay from the correction factor, the study in the model (II) may be an improving estimation.

The influence of velocity-dependent correction factor on Proton decay reactions in super-massive white dwarfs

There are some particle physics theories that go beyond the so-called “standard cosmological model” to predict the existence of magnetic monopoles (MMs). The discovery of MMs would be an incredible...

A magnetic-monopole-based mechanism to the formation of the Hot Big Bang modeled Universe

Proton Decay Reaction in Massive White Dwarfs

Proof of the existence of the magnetic monopole has eluded physicists for centuries. The NOvA far detector (FD), used for neutrino oscillation searches, has the ability to identify magnetic monopoles at subluminal velocities (v < c/100). With a surface area of over $4,000~ \mathrm{m}^{2}$ and a location near the earth's surface, the 14 kt FD provides unique sensitivity to potential low-mass monopoles unable to penetrate underground experiments. We have designed a novel data-driven triggering scheme that continuously searches the FD's live data stream for monopole-like patterns. At the offline level, the largest challenge in reconstructing monopoles is to reduce the 148,000 Hz speed-of-light cosmic ray background. This poster presents the trigger algorithm, the offline reconstruction algorithm, as well as the background rejection methods that will be used for the first NOvA monopole search.

/pdf/subluminal-magnetic-monopole-search-with-nova-5boocqn029.pdf

Subluminal Magnetic Monopole Search with NOvA

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Subluminal Magnetic Monopole Search with NOvA