Graphite, the most stable form of elemental carbon, consists of pure carbon sheets stacked upon one another like reams of paper. Individual sheets, known as graphene, prefer planar geometries as a consequence of the hexagonal honeycomb-like arrangements of trigonal carbon atoms that comprise their two-dimensional networks. Defects in the form of non-hexagonal rings in such networks cause distortions away from planarity. Herein we report an extreme example of this phenomenon. A 26-ring C80H30 nanographene that incorporates five seven-membered rings and one five-membered ring embedded in a hexagonal lattice was synthesized by stepwise chemical methods, isolated, purified and fully characterized spectroscopically. Its grossly warped structure was revealed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. An independent synthetic route to a freely soluble derivative of this new type of 'nanocarbon' is also reported. Experimental data reveal how the properties of such a large graphene subunit are affected by multiple odd-membered-ring defects.

/pdf/a-grossly-warped-nanographene-and-the-consequences-of-3wu3nim2pc.pdf

A grossly warped nanographene and the consequences of multiple odd-membered-ring defects

This article reviews recent developments and applications in the area of computational electrochemistry. Our focus is on predicting the reduction potentials of electron transfer and other electrochemical reactions and half-reactions in both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions. Topics covered include various computational protocols that combine quantum mechanical electronic structure methods (such as density functional theory) with implicit-solvent models, explicit-solvent protocols that employ Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics simulations (for example, Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics using the grand canonical ensemble formalism), and the Marcus theory of electronic charge transfer. We also review computational approaches based on empirical relationships between molecular and electronic structure and electron transfer reactivity. The scope of the implicit-solvent protocols is emphasized, and the present status of the theory and future directions are outlined.

/pdf/computational-electrochemistry-prediction-of-liquid-phase-1djdtuew4j.pdf

Computational electrochemistry: prediction of liquid-phase reduction potentials

Chiral π-conjugated molecules provide new materials with outstanding features for current and perspective applications, especially in the field of optoelectronic devices. In thin films, processes s...

Chiroptical Properties in Thin Films of π-Conjugated Systems.

This critical review describes the preparation and properties of a relatively new class of chiral macromolecules, namely chiral conducting polymers. It focuses in particular on examples based on polypyrrole, polythiophene and polyaniline. They possess remarkable properties, combining not only chirality with electrical conductivity but also the ability to undergo facile redox and pH switching. These unique properties have opened up a range of exciting new potential applications, including as chiral sensors, as novel stationary phases for chiral separations, and as chiral electrodes for electrochemical asymmetric synthesis (153 references).

Chiral conducting polymers

Cationic cyclometalated iridium complexes containing two anionic phenylpyridine (ppy) ligands and the neutral bidentate triazole-pyridine ligand, 2-(1-substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (pytl), were investigated. The complexes display a rich and reversible electrochemical behavior, upon investigations by cyclic voltammetry in strictly aprotic conditions, that couples with excellent emission quantum yields and long lifetimes of the excited states. Therefore, in organic media, all complexes have generated intense green electrochemiluminescence (ECL) through the so-called annihilation procedure and, importantly, a modulation of the emission energy (to blue) has been easily obtained by simple fluorination of the ppy ligand. Finally, taking advantage of their remarkable solubility in water, intense ECL was also obtained from aqueous buffer solutions using the co-reactant method, thus making all the investigated complexes highly promising for their effective use as ECL labels in bioanalytical applications.

Green and Blue Electrochemically Generated Chemiluminescence from Click Chemistry—Customizable Iridium Complexes

The voltammetric generation of corannulene anions was investigated over a large range of experimental conditions comprising either “traditional” electrochemical solvents, such as dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran, or “unconventional” solvents, such as liquid ammonia, liquid methylamine, or liquid dimethylamine, and several different supporting electrolytes. Strong ion pairing effects were found to dominate the electrochemical generation of corannulene higher anions, and through the suitable choice of the solvent/electrolyte system, we observed, for the first time, the reversible electrochemical generation of up to the triply reduced corannulene. The standard potentials obtained experimentally compared rather well with the theoretical values calculated by ab initio and density functional methods, in which solvation and ion pairing effect were explicitly taken into account. In particular, the calculations considered the effect of the electrolyte cation size on ion pairing in order to rati...

Electrochemical and theoretical investigation of corannulene reduction processes.

pdf/improvement-of-color-quality-and-reduction-of-defects-in-the-55p42xikp6.pdf

Improvement of color quality and reduction of defects in the ink jet-printing technology for ceramic tiles production: A Design of Experiments study

Starting from 4-(octylsulfanyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene, 4-bromo-4‘-(octylsulfanyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene, 4-iodo-4‘-(octylsulfanyl)-2,2‘-bithiophene, 4-bromo-4‘-[(S)-2-methylbutylsulfanyl]-2,2‘-bithiophene, and 4-iodo-4‘-[(S)-2-methylbutylsulfanyl]-2,2‘-bithiophene, a new series of symmetrically β-substituted octithiophenes were synthesized by one-pot oxidative coupling with FeCl3. The octithiophenes obtained are soluble in common organic solvents and show different solvatochromic properties depending on the substitution type. In particular, the bromine atom exerts a positive influence on the supramolecular organization:  the brominated octithiophenes display high filmability, solvatochromism, and CD induced by aggregation (when the chiral 2-methylbutylsulfanyl group is present), properties usually observed for polythiophenes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out an a model bithiophene (4-substituted with a methylsulfanyl group) in order to understand the possible mechanism of the growth, th...

One-Pot Synthesis of Symmetric Octithiophenes from Asymmetric β-Alkylsulfanyl Bithiophenes

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Electrochemical and theoretical investigation of corannulene reduction processes.

Improvement of color quality and reduction of defects in the ink jet-printing technology for ceramic tiles production: A Design of Experiments study

One-Pot Synthesis of Symmetric Octithiophenes from Asymmetric β-Alkylsulfanyl Bithiophenes