Introduction Part I: 1. The Steppe Highway: the rise of pastoral nomadism as a Eurasian phenomenon 2. Bronze, iron and gold: the evolution of nomadic cultures on the northern frontier of China Part II: 3. Beasts and birds: the historical context of early Chinese perceptions of northern peoples 4. Walls and horses: the beginning of historical contacts between horse-riding Nomads and Chinese states Part III: 5. Those who draw the bow: the rise of the Hsiung-nu Nomadic Empire and the political unification of the Nomads 6. From peace to war: China's shift from appeasement to military engagement Part IV: 7. In search of grass and water: ethnography and history of the North in the Historian's Records 8. Taming the North: the rationalization of the nomads in Ssu-ma Ch'ien's historical thought Conclusion.

Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History . By Nicola Di Cosmo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. ix, 369 pp. $70.00 (cloth).

The rise of the Sasanian dynasty can be understood as the successful struggle of a minor ruler of Persis not only against his Parthian overlord, but also against a multitude of neighbouring rulers. The main adversary of the Persians was the Roman empire, and the ambitions of the first Sasanian ruler were soon countered by Rome. It was during the reign of Yazdgard that the Christians of the Sasanian empire held a council in the city of Seleucia in the year 410. Shortly after Bahrāam accession in 421 the persecution of Christians in the Sasanian empire was resumed, probably at the instigation of Zoroastrian priests. The Sasanians inherited from the Parthians a legacy of over two centuries of conflict with the western power. With a Sasanian belief in the destiny of Iran to rule over the territories once held by the Achaemenians, it was inevitable that wars between the two great powers would continue.

The political history of iran under the sasanians

Increasing glacial lake outburst flood hazard in response to surge glaciers in the Karakoram

This book examines catalysts for Buddhist formation in ancient South Asia and expansion throughout and beyond the northwestern Indian subcontinent to Central Asia by investigating symbiotic relationships between networks of religious mobility and trade.

Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange Within and Beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia

(b): Iranian National History

Historical Atlas of China

Historical and commercial atlas of China

KNOWLEDGE of the vegetation of High Asia is now extensive. The climate, while leaving something to be desired in other respects, favours the preparation of botanical specimens, and travellers in the inclement uplands of Tibet and the Pamirs have supplied much material for herbarium use. Yet, owing to circumstances beyond their control, this material c'ompares unfavourably with that secured by explorers in temperate and tropical regions. As a result, our acquaintance with the flora of High Asia is still far from exhaustive.Southern Tibet: Discoveries in Former Times compared with my own Researches in 1906–1908.By Sven Hedin II. A List of Flowering Plants from Inner Asia, collected by Dr. Sven Hedin, determined by various authors, and compiled by C. H. Ostenfeld and Ove Paulsen. Pp. 25 + 100 + 8 plates. (Stockholm: Lithographic Institute of the General Staff of the Swedish Army, 1922.) 30 marks.

Southern Tibet: discoveries in former times compared with my own researches in 1906-1908

An historical atlas of China

Die alten Seidenstrassen zwischen China und Syrien : Beiträge zur alten Geographie Asiens

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