A new virus, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which has proven to be the major etiologic agent of blood-borne NANBH, was discovered by Applicant. The initial work on this virus, which includes a partial genomic sequence of the prototype HCV isolate, is described in EPO Pub. No. 318,216, and PCT Pub. No. WO/89/04669. The present invention, which in part is based on new HCV sequences and polypeptides which are not disclosed in the above-cited publications, includes the application of these new sequences and polypeptides in immunoassays, probe diagnostics, anti-HCV antibody production, PCR technology, and recombinant DNA technology. Included within the invention also are novel immunogenic polypeptides encoded within clones containing HCV cDNA, novel methods for purifying an immunogenic HCV polypeptide, and antisense polynucleotides derived from HCV cDNA.

Nanbv diagnostics and vaccines

Parasitic helminths of the genus Schistosoma mate, achieve sexual maturity and produce eggs in the bloodstream of their definitive hosts, and the most important pathological consequences of the infection are associated with this process. We have used cDNA microarray technology to initiate genome-wide gene-expression studies of sex and sexual development in mature Schistosoma mansoni parasites. An S. mansoni-specific cDNA microarray was fabricated using 576 expressed sequence tags selected from three cDNA libraries and originating from two different parasite developmental stages. Five independent cDNA microarray hybridizations were analyzed using stringent filtering criteria and careful quality control, leading to the identification of 12 new female-associated and 4 new male-associated gene transcripts in the mature adult schistosome. Statistical analysis of variation demonstrated high levels of agreement within a cDNA microarray (correlation coefficient 0.91; median coefficient of variation 11.1%) and between cDNA microarrays (correlation coefficient 0.90; median coefficient of variation 14.4%). RT-PCR analysis confirmed the cDNA microarray results, thereby supporting the reliability of the system. Our study expands the list of S. mansoni gender-associated gene transcripts from all previous studies by a factor of two. Among the new associations identified, a tyrosinase ortholog was preferentially expressed in the adult female, and a dynein light-chain ortholog was highly induced in the adult male. cDNA microarrays offer the potential for exponential leaps in the understanding of parasite biology and this study shows how molecules involved in sexual biology can be rapidly identified.

/pdf/identification-of-schistosoma-mansoni-gender-associated-gene-512bgmwwhe.pdf

Identification of Schistosoma mansoni gender-associated gene transcripts by cDNA microarray profiling.

https://pure.aber.ac.uk/portal/files/151848/fitzpatrick%20et%20al%202.pdf

An oligonucleotide microarray for transcriptome analysis of Schistosoma mansoni and its application/use to investigate gender-associated gene expression

Schistosome female reproductive development

A new virus, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which has proven to be the major etiologic agent of blood-borne NANBH, was discovered by Applicant. Reagents for isolating, amplifying, and detecting HCV polynucleotides are provided. These reagents are oligomers comprised of polynucleotide sequences which are capable of forming hybrid structures with HCV target polynucleotide sequences.

Nanbv diagnostics: polynucleotides useful for screening for hepatitis c virus

https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/7582/1/Reis%20MG%20Localization%20and%20Pattern....pdf

Localization and pattern of expression of a female specific mRNA in Schistosoma mansoni

Stage and sex specific differences in actin gene expression in Schistosoma mansoni.

Little is known about the mechanisms that control transformations during the life cycle of Schistosoma mansoni. To enable isolation of DNA sequences encoding developmentally regulated antigens a cDNA expression library in the vector lambda gt11 amp3 was constructed from adult mRNA and immunologically screened with sera from infected individuals. We report here on the properties of three recombinant clones that derive from developmentally regulated genes. Clone 10-3 encoded a beta-galactosidase fusion protein present in high abundance in infected Escherichia coli. Clones 7-2 and 8-2 also produced immunologically recognized proteins; however, the peptides did not appear to be beta-galactosidase fusion proteins. The expression of mRNAs hybridizing to these cDNAs was examined in the different stages of the parasite life cycle. Messenger RNA corresponding to clone 10-3, approximately equal to 1000 bases in length, was present in higher abundance in male worms than in females but was not detected in schistosome eggs. A 900-base mRNA hybridizing to clone 7-2 was observed in adult worms and eggs. Both clone 10-3 and clone 7-2 hybridized to smaller mRNAs in cercariae and freshly transformed schistosomula than in adult worms. Clone 8-2 contained tandem cDNA inserts. One cDNA hybridized to a 1700-base mRNA present in all stages, while the second hybridized to an 800-base mRNA specific to adult female worms.

Isolation of cDNA clones for differentially expressed genes of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni

Three developmentally regulated genes identified by clones from an adult Schistosoma mansoni cDNA expression library.

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Localization and pattern of expression of a female specific mRNA in Schistosoma mansoni

Stage and sex specific differences in actin gene expression in Schistosoma mansoni.

Isolation of cDNA clones for differentially expressed genes of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni

Three developmentally regulated genes identified by clones from an adult Schistosoma mansoni cDNA expression library.