The present study was carried out to find the correlation between population dynamics of whitefly and leafhopper with weather variables from June-November 2013 to June-November 2016 and June-November 2015 to June-November 2016, respectively. The main objectives of the study are to observe the population dynamic and correlate the population of whitefly and leafhopper with various climatic factors. The results revealed that peak population of whitefly was recorded in last fortnight of September in 2013(98.60 whitefly adult per 3leaves), 2014(101.00 whitefly adult per 3leaves) and 2016 (38.42 whitefly adult per 3leaves) whereas it shifted towards early season i.e. from July to August during 2015(Range=28.00-123.60 whitefly adults per 3 leaves). Leaf hopper peak infestation was observed in first fortnight of July during 2015(4.20 leafhopper per 3 leaves) and 2016(4.60 leafhopper per 3 leaves). Simple correlations studies revealed that during 2013 and 2014, the whitefly population was negatively correlated with temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. During 2015, population of whitefly showed a significant positive correlation with minimum temperature (r=0.657) and evening humidity (r=0.833) whereas during 2016, it was negatively correlated with rainfall and non-significant positive correlation with all other factors. Leaf hopper has a non-significant positive correlation with all the three weather variables during 2015 whereas negative correlation with temperature during 2016 and positive correlation with all other weather variables.

https://www.entomoljournal.com/archives/2017/vol5issue4/PartM/5-3-292-730.pdf

Population dynamics of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius and leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida in cotton and their relationship with climatic factors

Development of resistance in stored grain pest, Trogoderma granarium (Everts) against deltamethrin and its effective control by synergistic toxicity of bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9845/1/Tahammal%20Hussain_Agri%20Entomology_2018_UAF_PRR.pdf

Comparison of Seasonal incidence and integrated pest management of helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera) on Bt and non Bt cotton in Punjab, Pakistan

Host quality is one of the important factors affecting the life-history traits of predators. Here, we examined the development and reproductive responses of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to all life stages (1 st through 5 th instar nymphs (N1-N5) and adult) of the cotton jassid, Amrasca devastans (Dist.) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). C. carnea larvae consumed more N2 than any other A. devastans life stage. Older life stages of the predator displayed higher rates of predation than younger ones. Larvae completed development on each of A. devastans life stages. However, the developmental time from egg hatch to adult eclosion was shortest on N3 and longest on the adult. C. carnea survival to the adult stage was the highest on N3, and lowest on adult A. devastans. Pupal weight (mg) and egg volume (mm 3 ) was lowest on adult A. devastans. Fecundity and egg hatching was highest when females had been reared on N3 A. devastans. The net replacement rate was lowest for the populations reared on N5 and adult A. devastans; these prey regimens also resulted in the lowest intrinsic (rm) and finite (λ) rates of population increase. The mean relative growth rate showed significantly positive correlations with intrinsic (rm) and finite (λ) rates of population increase, while a negative correlation was found with generation doubling time (DT). The results illustrate the potential importance of prey resources (life stage) on C. carnea population growth, and they indicate that C. carnea has considerable potential for the biological control of A. devastans.

/pdf/effect-of-prey-resource-on-the-fitness-of-the-predator-2fflvkvdx2.pdf

Effect of Prey Resource on the Fitness of the Predator, Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is the major pest of many vegetables, fruits, crops, and ornamental plants causing losses to the farmers and its control has been an issue of significance in the pest management. This study was aimed at evaluating different concentrations (0.06%, 0.1%, and 0.14%) of Telsta, Advantage, Talstar, Imidacloprid, and their mixtures against hibiscus mealybug in the Laboratory of Systematics and Pest Management at University of Gujrat, Pakistan. The toxic effect was evaluated in the laboratory bioassay after 24 and 48 h of the application of insecticides. The highest mortality (95.83%) was shown by Talstar and Talstar + Imidacloprid at the concentration of 0.14% after 48 h followed by Advantage + Talstar with 87.50% mortality at 0.14% concentration after 48 h of application. The study also showed that the least effective treatment observed was Advantage + Telsta with no mortality after 24 h and 25% mortality after 48 h at 0.14% concentration. The study revealed that the concentration 0.14% was highly effective in lowering the mealybug population and insecticide mixtures were effective in reducing mealybug density. The study emphasizes the use of such insecticide mixtures to develop better management strategy for mealybug populations attacking ornamental plants. However effects of such insecticide mixtures on other organisms and biological control agents should be checked under field conditions.

/pdf/laboratory-evaluation-of-different-insecticides-against-4gunrz7blk.pdf

Laboratory Evaluation of Different Insecticides against Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Studies on the population, host preference and feeding potential of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) on different insect hosts were conducted in field and laboratory conditions in the year 2011. The results revealed that the maximum numbers of Bemisia tabaci 19.84 (±2.46), Aphis gossypii 23.14 (±0.84), Amrasca devastan 13.42 (±2.10) and mealybug 50.62 (±5.44) per leaf were found on cotton crop. Similarly, maximum population of B. tabaci, A. devastan, and eggs of Bagarada Picta was recorded as 9.44 (±1.14), 6.44 (±0.74), 38.13 (±1.44) and 22.144 (±7.83), respectively on mustard crop. More activities of C. carnea (0.32±0.10) per plant were recorded on mustard as compared to cotton (0.32±0.14). The population of C. canea was negatively correlated with B. tabaci population (-0.019 NS) and positively with A. devastan (0.145 NS), A. gossypii (0.700**) and mealybug (0.834**), respectively on cotton. Similarly, negative correlation with B. tabaci population (-0.193 NS) and positive correlations with A. devastan (0.202NS), L . erysimi (0.923**) and B. picta (0.925**), respectively were recorded on mustard crop. The 3rd instar larvae voraciously fed on 3rd instar nymphs of all sucking insects. They consumed 66.14 (±2.18) A. gossypii, 61.14 (±1.06) P. solinopsis, 32.78 (±1.32) B. tabaci and 19.66 (±1.34) A. devastans, respectively. The green lacewing fed 30.37 (±1.51) aphid day-1, followed by mealy bug (12.30± 1.48), whiteflies (1.94± 0.30), and jassid (0.43±0.095). It is concluded from the results that C. carnea displayed its maximum activities when pest population were at their peaks. The third instar grubs were voracious on 3rd instars of all prey hosts. A. gossypii was the most preferred host in cotton and L. erysimi in mustard crop. B. tabaci had no impact on population activities of C. carnea.

/pdf/population-host-preference-and-feeding-potential-of-2b2k0c88bz.pdf

Population, Host Preference and Feeding Potential of Chrysoperla Carnea (Stephens) on Different Insect Hosts in Cotton and Mustard Crops

A field study was carried out to examine the resistance potential of promising cotton cultivars to insect pest infestation, during the year 2012. Five cotton varieties were examined for their resistance against insect pests including Hari Dost, Shahbaz-95, NIAB-78, Sindh-1 and Bt Cotton. The insect pests monitored in this study included thrips, jassid, whitefly and bollworms. The experimental process for monitoring the insect pests was initiated on 15 th June 2012 and lasted on 12 th October, 2012. The results showed that thrips population was significantly (P<0.01) lowest (6.28/plant) on Haridost, against 9.22/plant on NIAB-78, 13.79/plant on Bt cotton 14.89/plant on Sindh-1. while the highest thrips population (15.21/plant) was recorded on  Shahbaz-95. The peak thrips population was noted on 12 th July observation on all three verities while on Bt cotton, the peak thrips population was recorded on 19 th July. Bt Cotton. The peak activities of jassid was recorded in the month of August. Overall mean showed that the signifactly highest (P<0.01) population of jassid was recorded as (3.59/leaf) on Sindh1 followed by Bt cotton (2.81/leaf), Shahbaz (2.80/leaf), Niab -78 (2.19/leaf) and Hari dost (1.63/leaf). Similarly, whitefly was found active in month of July and Augest. Significantly, more population (P<0.01) was recorded on Sindh-1 (3.20/leaf) and minimum on Haridost (1.40/leaf). Bollworms infestation was significantly lowest (P<0.01), (2.04/plant) on Bt cotton against 2.56/plant on NIAB-78, 3.04/plant on Haridost, 3.22/plant on Sindh-1; while the highest bollworms population (3.36/plant) was observed on cotton variety Shahbaz-95. Bt cotton variety showed considerable resistance against bollworm complex, while NIAB-78 also showed some resistance against sucking. The infestation of sucking insect pests on haridost. Shahbaz and Sindh-1 as compared to Bt cotton. The infestation of thrips, and whitefly was  peaked in the month of July. While Jassid was found most active in August. Bollworms appeared in first week of July and remained active in the field in relatively higher population upto the mid of September and later decreased to negligible level. Keywords: Cultivar Resistance, Insect Infestation

/pdf/insect-infestation-on-bt-and-non-bt-cotton-cultivars-5g25j9u5po.pdf

Insect Infestation on Bt. and Non-Bt. Cotton Cultivars

A field study was carried out during 2013 at the experimental area of Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during, in RCBD to exmine the efficacy of neem kernal powder, neem oil and Radaint against Helicoverpa armigera on sunflower crop. Four treatments with T1=Neem kernel powder, T2=Neem oil, T3=Radiant and control (Untreated). Variety HO-1 was sown on 1 st March 2013. The experiment replicated three times. The results reveled that biopesticides and synthetic pesticides were sprayed against H. armigera on the sunflower crop. The plots treated with radiant showed heighest efficacy (52.60%), followed by the plots treated with Neem seed kernel extract (31.32%) and the plots treated with Neem oil (30.14%) was recorded after 1 st spray on sunflower crop. In the second spray the plots treated with radiant also showed heighest efficacy (57.30%), followed by the plots treated with Neem seed kernel extract (33.34%) and plots treated with neem oil (32.27%) was recorded on sunflower crop. However, in 3 rd spray the heighest efficacy was recorded in the plots treated with radiant (50.48%), followed by the plots treated with Neem extracts (40.39%) and plots treated with neem oil (36.40%) was recorded. While, in fourth spray, the heighest efficacy was recorded the plots treated with Neem extracts (42.60%), followed by the plots treated with Neem oil (31.40%) and plots treated with Radaint (39.40%) was recorded on sunflower crop. The overall results showed that the biopesticids reduced H. armigera population progressively, as compared to synthetic pesticides. Key w ords: Sunflower, Helicoverpa armigera and Neem Products

/pdf/efficacy-of-neem-kernal-powder-and-neem-oil-against-3r3g5t8tpw.pdf

Efficacy of Neem Kernal Powder and Neem Oil against Helicoverpa Armigera on Sunflower Crop

The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during 2013. The Roma variety was cultivated for this purpose, the all agronomic practices were carried out accordingly. The temperature 15-24oC and relative humidity 45-68% was recorded during research work. The results of the present experiment showed that sucking insect pests as well as natural enemies’ population was observed through out cropping season from 1 st week of March to 1 st week of May 2013. The results reveled that the maximum population of whitefly (5.5±0.16/leaf) was recorded followed by jassid (4.7±0.21/leaf), aphid (4.4±0.37/leaf) and thrip (2.9±0.17/leaf) on tomato crop. However, the maximum population chrysoperla carniea (1.2±0.16/plant) was recorded followed by spider (2.6±0.23/plant) and lady bird beetle (2.5±0.22/plant) was recorded on tomato crop. The results further reveled that the over all impact of relative humidity on the most of the insect pests showed negative correlation. However, the temperature showed that over all positive impact of all the insect pests and predators except whitefly and spider. Key Word: Solanum lycopersicum, Surveillance, sucking insect pest, Predators

/pdf/surveillance-on-the-sucking-insect-pests-and-their-natural-14x5qbr6q0.pdf

Surveillance on the Sucking Insect Pests and their Natural Enemies on Tomato Crop

A field study was carried out during 2010 at experimental area Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam in RCBD to examine the reduction percentage in the population of C. medinalis on rice crop with three insecticides viz; Deltophos, Tracer, Thioluxan and impact of these insecticides was composed with control plot (untreated). The data showed the maximum reduction (76.19%) in the population of C.medinalis was recorded in the plots treated with Deltaphos followed by Tracer (65.93%) and Thioluxan (46.92%) after 1 st spray on rice crop. In the second spray maximum reduction (71.08%) was also recorded in the plots treated with Deltaphos followed by Tracer (57.40%) and Thioluxan (30.15%). Similarly, after 3 rd spray the maximum reduction (78.99%) was recorded in the plots treated with Deltaphos followed by Thioluxan (55.88%) and Tracer (54.34%) on rice crop. While, in fourth spray, the maximum reduction (71.92%) was recorded in plots treated with Deltaphos followed by Tracer (39.36%) and Thioluxan (14.36%) on rice crop. The results further indicated that the maximum yield (4783.00kg/ha?1) was recorded in plots treated with Deltophos followed by Tracer (4486.46kg/ha ?1) and  Thioluxan (4033.66kg/ha?1) as compared control (3066.50kg/ ha?1).Highly significantly (P < 0.01) difference in the efficacy of insecticides was recorded during all sprays carried out in cropping season of rice crop. Key word: Oryza sativa , Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Management and Insecticides.

/pdf/efficacy-of-insecticides-on-rice-crop-against-rice-leaf-e7u763jo6d.pdf

Efficacy of Insecticides on Rice Crop Against Rice Leaf Folder, Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis Guen. (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)

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