Hypertension increases the risk for a variety of cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease. The increase in oxidative stress has been associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension. Increase of blood pressure is due to an imbalance between antioxidants defence mechanisms and free radical productions. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species reduces nitric oxide bioavailability leading to an endothelial dysfunction and a subsequent increase in total peripheral resistance. Hypertension can cause few symptoms until it reaches the advanced stage and poses serious health problems with lifelong consequences. Hypertensive patients are required to take drugs for life to control the hypertension and prevent complications. Some of these drugs are expensive and may have adverse reactions. Hence, it is timely to examine scientifically, complimentary therapies that are more effective and with minimal undesirable effects. Nigella sativa (NS) and its active constituents have been documented to exhibit antioxidant, hypotensive, calcium channel blockade and diuretic properties which may contribute to reduce blood pressure. This suggests a potential role of NS in the management of hypertension, and thus more studies should be conducted to evaluate its effectiveness.

/pdf/nigella-sativa-and-its-protective-role-in-oxidative-stress-31iao9v3oi.pdf

Nigella sativa and Its Protective Role in Oxidative Stress and Hypertension.

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/clin/v70n11/1807-5932-clin-70-11-751.pdf

Mechanisms of the antihypertensive effects of Nigella sativa oil in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

Nigella sativa (N. sativa, black seeds; or sometimes known by many other names such as the blessed seed by the Arabs, black cumin in the Holy Bible, black caraway and Kalonji in South Asia) has been traditionally used for many years not only as a food but also as complementary drug. It is the objective of this communication to review the evidence-based pre-clinical pharmacological actions of N. sativa as a basis of its existing and potential new human clinical uses. Primary PubMed literature searches and secondary Medline searches were conducted to define N. sativa pre-clinical pharmacological and toxicological actions using a retrospective narrative review of the published studies. The ground seeds, its oil and its various extracts exhibit very broad pharmacological actions in laboratory studies, which are predictive of human clinical efficacy. In laboratory studies, N. sativa possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-convulsant, anti-microbial, anti-ulcer, anti-hypertensive, anti-asthmatic and anti-cancer activities. Its mode of action is mediated via several mechanisms, which include anti-oxidant, immunomodulating, cytoprotective and an inhibitory effect on some mediators of inflammation. Although the seeds contain many chemical components, thymoquinone and alpha-hederin are proven to be pharmacologically active. Despite N. sativa broad and worldwide pharmacological characterization, only limited non-clinical safety studies were reported. N. sativa has many potentially important therapeutic applications. The black seeds clearly warrant formal preclinical drug development consideration to investigate the pharmacology of its components, to standardize the contents of the dosage forms, to define the methods of the pharmaceutical preparation, to determine its pharmacokinetics characteristics and its safety profile. It is our opinion that N. sativa should be considered for clinical development initially for unmet therapeutic uses, especially in the fields of oncology, neurology, rheumatology, pulmonary medicine, infectious diseases and endocrinology.

Overview of the preclinical pharmacological properties of Nigella sativa (black seeds): a complementary drug with historical and clinical significance.

Various pharmacological effects of Nigella sativa L. have been reported that include, antioxidant, antibacterial, antihistaminic, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, antifungal, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and immunomodulatory. It has also been reported to produce beneficial effects in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, reproductive and respiratory disorders. The effects of Nigella sativa had been attributed to constituents such as nigellicine, nigellidine, thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol and carvacrol. In this article the cardiovascular effects of Nigella sativa and its constituents were reviewed. Published data was gathered through search engines and the findings were classified into animal and human studies. The effects of Nigella sativa and its constituents on cardiotoxicity, blood pressure, vascular smooth muscle, endothelial dysfunction, heart rate, cardiac contractility, lipid profile, platelet aggregation and atherosclerosis were reviewed. This review indicated that Nigella sativa and thymoquinone exhibited beneficial cardiovascular effects on cardiotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. These effects were probably due to the antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of Nigella sativa. It seems that Nigella sativa and its constituents could be of therapeutic value in cardiovascular diseases

/pdf/cardiovascular-effects-of-nigella-sativa-l-and-its-1myz1p55sv.pdf

Cardiovascular Effects of Nigella Sativa L. and its Constituents

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrotic, inflammatory, and vascular dysfunction. Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)-mediated inflammasome activation has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of SSc. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is newly identified as a DAMP. Here we examined the clinical significance of serum levels of CIRP in 60 patients with SSc and 20 healthy control patients (HCs) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum CIRP levels in diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) patients were significantly increased compared with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) patients or HCs. When examining the relationship with SSc-specific parameters, serum CIRP levels with the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) were higher than those without ILD. In detail, serum CIRP levels correlated negatively with the percent predicted diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and positively with levels of Krebs von den Lungen-6. In addition, elevated serum CIRP levels declined along with decreased SSc-ILD activity in patients who received immunosuppressive therapy. These results suggest that CIRP may play a role in the development of ILD in SSc. Moreover, CIRP could serve as a useful serological marker of SSc-ILD in terms of disease activity and therapeutic effects. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-32231-1.pdf

Serum cold-inducible RNA-binding protein levels as a potential biomarker for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease

Potential antihypertensive and antioxidative effects of Nigella sativa seeds or biomass and Syzygium aromaticum extracts on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

ABSTRACT Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disease with a potential morbidity in patients. Cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) is a stress responsive protein having diverse roles in cancer and inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CIRP, (serum and tissue), in psoriasis patients and to correlate this expression to the clinico-pathological data of the patients. The serum level and tissue expression of CIRP were compared between 20 patients and 20 healthy controls. Additionally, the association between CIRP level and various clinicopathological parameters was done. The serum level of CIRP was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while its tissue expression was detected via immunohistochemistry. CIRP was expressed in the epidermis of all studied cases and controls with nuclear localization. A significant difference in its epidermal expression between lesional, perilesional cases and controls was observed. It was higher in control epidermis than perilesional skin and the lowest in lesional skin. Conversely, the serum CIRP level was significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared to healthy subjects. CIRP seemed to have a significant pathologic role in psoriasis patients with evident difference in its intracellular and extracellular expression levels suggesting a potential difference it its function.

Expression of cold-inducible RNA binding protein in psoriasis

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Potential antihypertensive and antioxidative effects of Nigella sativa seeds or biomass and Syzygium aromaticum extracts on L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

Expression of cold-inducible RNA binding protein in psoriasis