A transmission system suitable for video where a sender encodes video for transmission to a receiver at an adjustable date rate The data rate may be adjusted using a delay constraint that constrains the expected delay of transmitted packets The expected delay may be measured from a time that a transmitter encodes a packet to a time that a receiver decodes a packet

Wireless video transmission system

A method of adaptively encoding video in response to an estimation of bandwidth over a transmission channel, where bandwidth estimation uses feedback packets from a receiver acknowledging receipt of video packets transmitted during an interval when the transmitted packets are not stored in a buffer of a lower network layer.

Sender-side bandwidth estimation for video transmission with receiver packet buffer

In this paper, we propose a framework to transmit multiple scalable video programs over downlink multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) networks in real time. The framework explores the scalability of the video codec and multidimensional diversity of multiuser OFDM systems to achieve the optimal service objectives subject to constraints on delay and limited system resources. We consider two essential service objectives, namely, the fairness and efficiency. Fairness concerns the video quality deviation among users who subscribe the same quality of service, and efficiency relates to how to attain the highest overall video quality using the available system resources. We formulate the fairness problem as minimizing the maximal end-to-end distortion received among all users and the efficiency problem as minimizing total end-to-end distortion of all users. Fast suboptimal algorithms are proposed to solve the above two optimization problems. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fairness algorithm outperforms a time division multiple (TDM) algorithm by 0.5 ~ 3 dB in terms of the worst received video quality among all users. In addition, the proposed framework can achieve a desired tradeoff between fairness and efficiency. For achieving the same average video quality among all users, the proposed framework can provide fairer video quality with 1 ~ 1.8 dB lower PSNR deviation than a TDM algorithm

/pdf/a-scalable-multiuser-framework-for-video-over-ofdm-networks-ps8g8ym8de.pdf

A Scalable Multiuser Framework for Video Over OFDM Networks: Fairness and Efficiency

A system for rate control and buffer management during coding of multiple variable bit rate digital video programs over a constant bit rate channel. The system is suitable for use in a hierarchical bit allocation scheme that includes a super group of pictures (GOP) level (200, 202, 204), a super frame level (300), and a frame level. For each super GOP with a length N frames, for each video program (210, 220...290), the transmission rate for the current frame is set according to an average number of compressed bits for at least N previous frames, including a frame starting at N'+N-1 frames before the current frame, a frame ending at N' frames before the current frame, and intermediate frames therebetween. N' is a decoding delay of a modeled decoder that receives a respective video program. Moreover, the transmission rates of future frames are pre-set so that the average input rate of each individual video stream to the respective decoder buffer (190) is equal to the average output rate, and the total transmission rate of programs is equal to the channel rate.

Rate control and buffer protection for variable bit rate video programs over a constant rate channel

We address the problem of robust streaming of high-quality video over wireless local area networks in a home environment. By robust streaming, we mean maintaining the highest possible video quality and preventing interruptions to the video under varying bandwidth conditions, which may be due to distance, interference, obstructions, and existence of multiple streams. We propose an application-layer approach where we provide algorithms for dynamic on-line network bandwidth estimation and dynamic on-line adaptation of video rate according to the available network bandwidth. The proposed system employs a packet scheduler, and a video rate control and adaptation mechanism at the sender, and bandwidth measurement and feedback mechanisms at the receiver. Our bandwidth estimation approach uses the actual video data in real time by transmitting it in packet bursts; hence, separate test traffic is not required. Since the proposed method operates at the application layer, it is flexible and applicable to different local area network types and implementations. We propose an extension to multiple streams by providing an algorithm for joint rate allocation to multiple video streams over a network enabling network-adaptive simultaneous streaming of high-quality video.

Adaptive streaming of high-quality video over wireless LANs

Studies have shown that joint coding is more efficient and effective than independent coding for compression of multiple video programs. Unlike independent coding, joint coding is able to dynamically distribute the channel capacity among video programs according to their respective complexities and hence achieve a more uniform picture quality. This paper examines the bit-allocation issues for joint coding of multiple video programs and provides a bit-allocation strategy that results in a uniform picture quality among programs as well as within a program. To prevent the encoder/decoder buffers from overflowing and underflowing, further constraints on bit allocation are also discussed.

Bit allocation and constraints for joint coding of multiple video programs

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Bit allocation and constraints for joint coding of multiple video programs